Exam 2 vocab

Question 1

solute carrier transporter (SCL)

Answer 1

passive and active transporters that rely on chemical and/or electrical gradients for transport

Question 2

ATP-binding cassette (ABC)

Answer 2

primary active transporters that are ATP dependent

Question 3

biomarker

Answer 3

gene, protein, or other change that indicates a biomedical phenotype before that phenotype is clinically apparent

Question 4

What can biomarkers be used for? (6)

Answer 4

diagnosing disease, establishing disease risk, establishing drug response, establishing drug toxicity, predicting drug response, predicting drug toxicity

Question 5

What are the questions that can be answered by cancer biomarkers? (5)

Answer 5

Prognostic, diagnostic, predictive, pharmacodynamics, recurrence

Question 6

What does warfarin inhibit?

Answer 6

vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1)

Question 7

Characteristics of germline mutations

Answer 7

Present in egg or sperm
Are heritable
Cause cancer family syndromes

Question 8

Characteristics of somatic mutations

Answer 8

Occur in nongermline tissues
Are nonheritable
Acquired alterations common for all cancers