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MASS MEDIA & SOCIETY > EXAM 2 PART 2 YAY > Flashcards

EXAM 2 PART 2 YAY Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is catharsis

A

purging of emotions - watch emotional content in order t release emotions

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2
Q

what is hedonic motivations

A

pleasure- general tendencies that maximize pleasure - ex- comedies- light hearted

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3
Q

eudaemonic motivations

A

things that challenge you in some way - think abut the human condition/ think about the meaning of life - more meaningful content

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4
Q

what is telic hedonism

A

postponement of pleasure with the intention of experiencing it later- feel bad now, do better later

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5
Q

downward spiral comparison

A

“my life seems pretty good in comparison to them”- we compare ourselves to similar other who are slightly worse to increase your self worth

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6
Q

what does it mean when we say “enjoyment as a meta emotion “

A

we don’t enjoy the content itself, but we enjoy the process of watching content that is not necessarily pleasant

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7
Q

what are the potential implications of sexual media according to social cognitive theory

A

positive portrays of sex did not increase positive attitudes towards premarital sex negative portrayals did decrease attitudes tward premarital sex those who saw negative portrayals showed more negative moral judgement to the people in the episode than did those who saw positive portrayals

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8
Q

what is social cognitive theory

A

views people as active agents who can influence or be influenced by their environmentbehavior is learned through experience

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9
Q

example of social cognitive theory

A

bobo doll experiment

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10
Q

what is self efficiency

A

level of persons confidence in their ability to preform a behavior

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11
Q

impacts of sexual content

A

mechanisms and potential effects/possible outcomes

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12
Q

t/f - enjoyment and appreciation are mutually exclusive

A

false

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13
Q

appreciation

A

more meaningful response to content moving/ thought provoking mixed affect

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14
Q

two types of motivation in selecting media

A

hedonic eudaimonic

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15
Q

contact hypothesis

A

the idea that stereotypes towards a group will diminish as contact with the group increases

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16
Q

more contact with someone from another group can ___ your opinions about that group

A

improve

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17
Q

parasocial contact hypothesis

A

theory that explains that we can have contact with individuals from other cultures by seeing them portrayed in different authentic media - influence how we understand a different culture

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18
Q

t/f parasocial contact hypothesis does NOT need to be face to face

A

true

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19
Q

parasocial contact hypothesis also works with

A

race relations sexual orientations health - related stigma other marginalized

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20
Q

those who saw ___ portrayals showed more ___ moral judgement to the people in the episode than did those who saw positive portrayals

A

negative

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21
Q

what is physiological arousal

A

general response such as elevated heart rate, blood pressure and skin conductance

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22
Q

what is arousal

A

activation of the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system and the muscles and glands

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23
Q

t/f the excitation transfer valence does not matter

A

true

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24
Q

what is excitation transfer

A

if you have 2 arousing events in short time periods between, the second one will be way increased. multiplication of arousals

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25
Q

what is habituation effects

A

repeated exposure leads to lower arousal

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26
Q

t/f - obscenity is protected by the 1st amendment

A

false

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27
Q

reduction in anger/ aggression via media violence

A

catharsis and sensitization

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28
Q

increases anger and aggression via media violence

A

priming and social learning

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29
Q

what is sensitization

A

repeated exposure makes us more sensitive and organisms become more responsive over time

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30
Q

mean world syndrome

A

heavy tv watchers of violent programs believe that the world is more dangerous and violent place than facts

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31
Q

associative priming

A

people encounter things that are typically associated or found together in the same context

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32
Q

what is priming

A

we may associate certain actions with acceptable responses

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33
Q

t/f associative priming cannot change over time

A

false

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34
Q

social learning

A

learning through observing others

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35
Q

what is the difference between social learning and social cognitive theory

A

social cognitive theory is more broad and includes the idea that humans are capable of shaping their environment social learning focuses only on the learning process in social context

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36
Q

where do emotions fit into media

A

emotions you have before, during and after watching something

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37
Q

emotions give a component that is purly…

A

psychological arousal

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38
Q

what is a function of psychological arousal

A

emotional intensity

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39
Q

arousal is not strongly differentiated through ____

A

emotions

40
Q

what are the 5 characteristics of emotions

A
  1. cognitive appraisal 2. physiological arousal 3. subjective feeling 4. motivational component 5. motor expression
41
Q

what is the discrete emotion approach

A

emotions are seperate states with unique appraisals and action tendencies

each is distinct

42
Q

what is a metaphor we can use to differentiate emotions from moods

A

weather (emotions) and climate (moods)

43
Q

what are the differences between moods and emotions

A

mood does not have identifiable target, long lasting and low arousal emotions have identifiable target, quick to fade and high arousal

44
Q

what are meta emotions

A

how we feel about how we feel

45
Q

how does excitation transfer work

A

combines the excitement from one event with the arousal from another eventresults in the intensification in the second event

46
Q

what is an example of excitation transfer

A

ex- watching scary movies, then hearing a sound in your house

47
Q

what are physiological indicators

A

automatic responses arousal - heart rate - skin response - blood pressure - temperature

48
Q

why are emotions hard to measure

A

use self report, but tends to not always be accurate

49
Q

t/f psychological arousal can tell an emotional response occurring

A

true

50
Q

t/f psychological arousal can tell what the emotion is

A

false

51
Q

what is a facial emg

A

shows little changes in facial muscles to help determine emotion

52
Q

schadenfreude

A

delight in another persons misfortune

53
Q

fear stimulus generalization

A

distortion of natural forms/ dangers and injuries (why horror movies scare us)

54
Q

dispositional theories of humor in violence

A

enjoyment at the humiliation of somoene who is disliked schadenfreude

55
Q

piagets stages of development

A

distinct invarientuniversal

56
Q

sensory motor development

A

development from brith - 2 object durability and coordination of sensory and motor skills

57
Q

pre operational development

A

2-7 years old child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic

58
Q

what is the intuitive age

A

4 (ego- centric thinking)

59
Q

what is concrete operational development

A

7-12 yers old thinking logically about concrete events grasping concrete analogies and preforming arithmetical operations

60
Q

what is formal operational development

A

12- adulthoodabstract reasoning and logic potential for mature and moral reasoning

61
Q

what developmental stages have to do with fear

A

different stages fear different things

62
Q

pre-operational stage basis of fear

A

difficulty with fantasy/ reality distinctions - ex- monster movies centration difficulty in understanding transformations

63
Q

pre operational stage basis of fear - egocentrism

A
  • things that can actually happen to them scare them more
64
Q

pre operational stage basis of fear- centration

A

young children have a hard time using all information available, instead of focusing on one or 2 salient traits ex- sweet old lady vs witch looking old lady with cat - appearance matters

65
Q

pre operational stage basis of fear- difficulty understanding transformations

A

caterpillar to butterfly or the hulk and bruce banner

66
Q

what strategies are more effective in older children

A

cognitive

67
Q

what are the two cognitive strategies

A

minimizing reality minimizing risk

68
Q

non- cognitive strategies are effective for ____

A

both younger and older kids

69
Q

non cognitive strategies

A

avoidance physical activities other people desensitization

70
Q

what is agenda setting

A

Media influence shapes public perception by prioritizing news, topics, and issues

71
Q

t/f - the press and media reflect reality

A

false

72
Q

the press and media ___ and ____ reality

A

filter and shape

73
Q

assumptions of agenda setting

A
  1. the press and media don’t shape reality 2. media concentration on a few issues leads the public go perceive those issues as more important
74
Q

computar mediated communication

A

communication between 2 or more people facilitated by online communicationex- emails, texts. etc.

75
Q

what function does computer mediated communication serve

A

need to belong- belongingness- the emotional need to be accepted by the group

76
Q

what is self presentation

A

we want to make ourselves look as good as possible for our social groups enhance our own self worth

77
Q

what do narcissist positively predict

A

the frequency of posting status updates, posting photos of self, updating profile info

78
Q

what is narcism

A

a preoccupation with ones self

79
Q

what is third level agenda setting

A

the media can influence how the public links certain things together all about relationships

80
Q

what is framing

A

the news media postion issues in certain ways to influence the way in which people think about it

81
Q

whats the difference between framing and 2nd level agenda setting

A

2nd level agenda setting highlights particular features

82
Q

what is the spiral of silence

A

the idea that individuals may be silent about their opinions if they fear they are outside the mainstream silence makes the mainstream idea more mainstream thus people are more silent

83
Q

what are the assumptions of spiral of silence

A

individuals have a fear of isolation, people avoid social isolation, people observe their social environment and people assume they can gauge what others are thinking

84
Q

what is confirmation bias

A

people are biased toward information that confirms their own beliefs

85
Q

what is media richness theory

A

the ability of a medium to reproduce info sent over it richness depends on number of cues and immediately of feedback

86
Q

media richness theory assumes that the ____

A

message is the same

87
Q

what are richer mediums

A

face to face - richestbulk mail - weakest

88
Q

social identity model of deindividuation

A

we have fewer cues in online communication and we rely on social categories, in-group and outgroup exaggerated

89
Q

what is the social information processing model

A

process people follow whe communicating online
- rely more on textual ques in the absences of nonverbal ones

example - being left on read

90
Q

what is reduction hypothesis

A

spend less time with real people- online communication hinders closeness with existing friends

91
Q

what is stimulation hypothesis

A

online communication leads to self disclosure whihc leads to closeness

92
Q

t/f - we represent ourselves truthfully online

A

false

93
Q

what is warranting theory

A

some cues online are more difficult to manipulate or easier to verify

ex- other peoples post vs your jobs

94
Q

how do you build intimacy

A

self disclosure breadth- disclosing lots of different infodepth- disclosing deep info

95
Q

what is upward social comparison

A

tend to compare ourselves to similar others when they are worse off, we feel better about ourselves - and vice versa

MASS MEDIA & SOCIETY (2 decks)

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