exam 2 antihistamines decongestants antitussives expectorants

Question 1

antihistamine: histamine 1 (H1) receptor antagonists

Answer 1

1st gen: diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
2nd gen: cetirizine (Zyrtec), fexofenadine (Allegra), loratadine (Claritin)

Question 2

what is a 1st gen antihistamine?

Answer 2

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Question 3

what are 2nd gen antihistamines?

Answer 3

cetirizine (Zyrtec), fexofenadine (Allegra), loratadine (Claritin)

Question 4

nurse implications/side effects of antihistamines (H1 receptor antagonists)

Answer 4

NI: determine why med was ordered
SE: drowsiness (1st gen only), no uncommon SE for 2nd, no life threatening SE for either

Question 5

decongestants: intranasal corticosteroids

Answer 5

fluticasone (Flonase) and triamcinolone (Nasacort)

Question 6

fluticasone (Flonase)

Answer 6

NI: pt education, monitor nasal stuffiness and discharge
SE: headache, angioedema (painless swelling under skin)
therapeutic: anti-inflammatory

Question 7

triamcinolone (Nasacort)

Answer 7

NI: pt education, monitor nasal stuffiness and discharge
SE: headache, angioedema (painless swelling under skin)
therapeutic: anti-inflammatory

Question 8

intranasal decongestants

Answer 8

oxymetazoline (Afrin)

Question 9

oxymetazoline (Afrin)

Answer 9

NI: pt education, monitor nasal stuffiness and discharge
SE: rebound congestion
do NOT use for more than 3-5 days or addiction can occur

Question 10

po decongestants

Answer 10

pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) and phenylephrine (Sudafed PE)

Question 11

pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

Answer 11

NI: monitor nasal stuffiness and discharge, BP and pulse
SE: nervousness, palpitations, hypertension, cardiovascular collapse (severe hypotension)

Question 12

phenylephrine (Sudafed PE)

Answer 12

NI: monitor nasal stuffiness and discharge, BP and pulse
SE: nervousness, palpitations, hypertension, cardiovascular collapse (severe hypotension)

Question 13

antitussives

Answer 13

drugs that dampen cough reflex and are best for dry, nonproductive cough
opioids and nonopioids

Question 13

antitussives

Answer 13

drugs that dampen cough reflex and are best for dry, nonproductive cough
opioids and nonopioids

Question 14

opioids

Answer 14

raise cough threshold in CNS, reducing urge to cough

Question 15

nonopioids

Answer 15

similar to how opioid antitussives work-related to opioids but structurally no analgesic properties, lower abuse potential

Question 16

opioid antitussives

Answer 16

codeine with guaifenesin (Cheratussin AC)-controlled substance v!!

Question 17

nonopioid antitussives

Answer 17

dextromethorphan (DM) (Robitussin) and benzonatate (Tessalon)

Question 18

codeine with guaifenesin (Cheratussin AC)

Answer 18

controlled substance v!!
NI: cough description, respiratory assessment, vital signs
SE: drowsiness, constipation

Question 19

dextromethorphan (DM) (Robitussin)

Answer 19

cough suppressant
NI: cough description, respiratory assessment
SE: drowsiness and dizziness (high doses only), not life-threatening

Question 20

benzonatate (Tessalon)

Answer 20

NI: cough description, respiratory assessment
SE: chilly sensation, not life-threatening

Question 21

expectorants

Answer 21

guaifenesin (Mucinex)

Question 22

guaifenesin (Mucinex)

Answer 22

NI: cough description, respiratory assessment
SE: n/v stomach pain, not life-threatening

Question 23

coricidin

Answer 23

various combos: antihistamines, acetaminophen, antitussives, expectorants