exam 2 (211)

Question 1

what infection is the inflammation of the mucous membranes of the sinuses due to obstruction that impairs drainage

Answer 1

sinusitis

Question 2

what are some risk factors of sinusitis?

Answer 2

nasal allergies, deviated septum, nasal polyps

Question 3

common symptom of sinusitis

Answer 3

bad breath

Question 4

what is pharyngitis

Answer 4

a throat infection

Question 5

if pharyngitis is left untreated what may happen

Answer 5

damage to the kidneys

Question 6

what does strep sometimes cause

Answer 6

scarlet fever (rash)

Question 7

how many times is it recommended to get rid of your toothbrush when you have strep

Answer 7

3X

Question 8

what may happen if rheumatic fever is left untreated

Answer 8

it can spread to the heart

Question 9

what titer is done to see if strep in throughout the body

Answer 9

ASO titer

Question 10

nalitosis

Answer 10

bad breath

Question 11

what are sympathomimetic decongestants used for

Answer 11

to reduce nasal congestion

Question 12

what is a serious side effect of sympathomimetic decongestants

Answer 12

hypertension

Question 13

what are antihistamines used for

Answer 13

treat allergic rhinitis, conjuctivitis

Question 14

side effects of antihistamines

Answer 14

drying, blurred vision, urinary retention

Question 15

side effects of anti-inflammatory agent (intranasal corticosteroids)

Answer 15

nasal burning, thinning of the nasal membrane

Question 16

anti-inflammatory agent (cromolyn sodium) side effects

Answer 16

nasal burning
serious: bronchospasm, coughing

Question 17

when a person uses a topical decongestant frequently, then stops taking the drug and notices even more congestion occurring, what is this phenomenon called

Answer 17

rebound effect

Question 18

what is the action of antihistamines

Answer 18

occupy the receptor sites for histamine

Question 19

how is pneumonia diagnosed

Answer 19

H&P, chest x-ray, sputum culture

Question 20

empyema

Answer 20

pus pocket on chest wall

Question 21

what time of day do you take leukotrienes

Answer 21

evening

Question 22

what is an asthma attack also known as

Answer 22

silent chest

Question 23

signs and symptoms of tuberculosis

Answer 23

chronic cough, sputum culture, night sweats, hemoptysis (bloody cough)

Question 24

how long is treatment for TB

Answer 24

6-9 months

Question 25

what is the action of guaifenesin

Answer 25

enhances output of respiratory tract fluid, decreases mucus viscosity

Question 26

what is guaifenesin used for

Answer 26

relieve dryness, treat common cold, bronchitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis

Question 27

antitussive agent action

Answer 27

suppress cough center in brain

Question 28

a common side effect of acetylcysteine

Answer 28

nausea and vomiting due to odor similar to rotten eggs

Question 29

what medication is used to clear thickened mucus from the lungs

Answer 29

mucolytic

Question 30

long-acting bronchodilators

Answer 30

salmeterol, arformoterol, formoterol, olodaterol

Question 31

what are anticholinergic broncho-dilating agents for

Answer 31

long-term treatment of COPD

Question 32

action of roflumilast

Answer 32

block inflammation

Question 33

what is roflumilast used for

Answer 33

severe COPD

Question 34

what is omalizumab used for

Answer 34

persistent allergic asthma

Question 35

what are the requirements to take omalizumab

Answer 35

12-year history of asthma positive allergen test other medications have not worked

Question 36

can cromolyn sodium be used with children?

Answer 36

no one under 5

Question 37

what is the most common type of anemia

Answer 37

iron deficiency

Question 38

what commnly causes B12 deficiency

Answer 38

being vegetarian

Question 39

B12 pernicious anemia

Answer 39

from autoimmune disorders

Question 40

aplastic anemia

Answer 40

damage to bone marrow

Question 41

what is the umbrella term for anemia

Answer 41

hemolytic anemia

Question 42

priapism

Answer 42

painful unwanted erection

Question 43

what symptoms are common in pernicious anemia

Answer 43

nero.

Question 44

patients with HTN, HF, and chronic kidney disease will be treated with

Answer 44

ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Question 45

beta-blockers are used

Answer 45

for stage 1 and 2 hypertension