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Aging & Society > Exam 2 > Flashcards

Exam 2 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are barriers to employment for older adults?

A

1 occupation in whole life, job skills that are obsolete, only few federal programs for older adults, age-based employment discrimination

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2
Q

% of all older people who receive Social Security benefits

A

95% of all older adults recieve SS

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3
Q

What is the difference between bereavement, grief, and mourning?

A

B: objective situation of someone passing and adaptation
G: response to loss/bereavement
M: cultural pattern of grieving

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4
Q

cumulative disadvantage

A

emphasizes how early advantage or disadvantage is critical to how cohorts become differentiated over time

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5
Q

grief

A

complex emotional response to loss and bereavement

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6
Q

palliative care

A

treatment designed to relieve pain provided to person of all ages w/ a terminal or life-limiting illness with or without curative intent

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7
Q

% of elders for which Social Security is their main source of income

A

66% of elders main source of income

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8
Q

telemonitoring

A

monitoring care recipients from a distance using electronic devices

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9
Q

What removing Social Security would do to the poverty rate for older adults

A

w/o it, it would impoverish 35% of elders

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10
Q

bereavement

A

objective situation of having lost someone significant and overall adaptation to the loss

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11
Q

Name the components of a “good death” described in class.

A

knowledge that death is coming, maintain dignity, adequate control over pain, information & expertise, hospice/palliative care, adequate time to leave

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12
Q

How has the internet complicated health literacy? For whom is this a problem?

A

problem for older adults who are not skeptical of what they read as well as desperate people. the internet lacks quality control of health info and has lots of promise

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13
Q

Why using technology is important in older adulthood

A

important for lifelong learning, allows elders to stay up to date on current info, see new ideas, words, places even with physical limitations

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14
Q

What are the benefits from involvement in voluntary associations?

A

social relationships and connections with others, expanded sense of control, improved health, increased morale and decreased loneliness

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15
Q

Anticipatory grief vs. disenfranchised grief

A

anticipatory: grief for loved one prior to their death, usually w/ term ill
disenfranchised: loss that is not openly acknowledged by others (boss, pets, stillborns)

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16
Q

smart home

A

home equipped with tech that promotes safety, telemonitoring, comfort and other benefits

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17
Q

Why older workers have a hard time finding employment in an economic downturn

A

older adults already have a hard time finding a job due to various barriers, but during an economic downturn when everyone is finding it hard to find employment, they find it especially more difficult.

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18
Q

Describe the common patterns of political activity amongst older adults.

A

older adults significantly more likely to vote than younger adults. why their concerns are taken more serious.
greater levels of “civic competence”.
identify more with political parties
contribute more to political campaigns
contact their reps and partake in political organizations

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19
Q

lifelong learning

A

pursuing both formal and informal paths to enhancing one’s knowledge and understanding about various subjects across life source

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20
Q

What are the benefits of religiosity

A

longer life expectancy, later onset of disability, better cognitive functioning, improved immunity, lower blood pressure, enhanced quality of life, higher self esteem, higher life satisfaction

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21
Q

motivations for elders joining social media

A

to watch grandkids’ grow up especially if they are far away. Also, COVID

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22
Q

bridge job

A

a short-term, temporary, or transitional position that allows individuals to transition between career and retirement

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23
Q

Advantages and disadvantages of defined benefit pension plan and defined contribution plan

A

DB has a fixed payout and is invincible to market changes. DC you can control how much money is in and out and you can maybe retire earlier

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24
Q

how the oldest-old spend their leisure time

A

spend more time on routine errands, household tasks, and doing nothing in particular

25
Q

palliative care vs hospice care

A

palliative: treatment designed to relieve pain provided to person of all ages w/ terminal or life-limiting illness
hospice: program of care for dying persons that gives emphasis to personal dignity of dying person

26
Q

What are factors that affect the time of retirement?

A

when you have enough retirement income and/or economic incentives to reitre
health status, health insurance
nature of job, employee moral
gender and race
family roles and responsibilities

27
Q

How might smart home technology benefit older adults?

A

provides safety, comfort, and other benefits. smart home can help if person injures themselves or physically unable to leave home to connect with family

28
Q

health literacy

A

ability to understand and use health info to make health-related decisions or take action on one’s health

29
Q

what year did social security become a law

A

1935

30
Q

% of Americans who report religious affiliation vs. % who say religion is very important in their lives

A

90% of americans over 65+ report they are religious but 65% of people over 65+ say religion is very important in their lives

31
Q

the advantages/disadvantages of each % range of pre-retirement income needed to maintain standard of living

A

need 70-90% of preretirement income to maintain standard of living when you retire

32
Q

What are factors that affect retirement satisfaction?

A

FINANCIAL SECURITY, involves choice and autonomy, good health, living environment, strong social support, gender/race, personality traits

33
Q

What makes leisure activity satisfying

A

absence of obligation on what one “should” do

34
Q

types of loss

A

physical, unemployment, social support, health, mental ability/memory, relocation, independence, finances, time, privacy

35
Q

bereavement overload

A

an experience of increased frequency of family and friends’ deaths and other losses

36
Q

Social class and level of participation in leisure activities

A

higher income older adults engage in more active leisure pursuits. have more access to activities and are likely to be healthier to partake

37
Q

Concerns for older adults and news gathering online

A

not all news is created equally, generation believes that everything put out is true, they’re less skeptical than younger gens

38
Q

% of US workers who receive a pension

A

less than 30% of workers recieve pensions

39
Q

hospice care

A

program of care for dying persons that gives emphasis to personal dignity of dying person, reducing pain and sources of anxiety

40
Q

is it religion providing these protective benefits?

A

not really, it is a sense of belonging, social support, sense of purpose, sense of control, coping strategies that actually provide these

41
Q

Differences between widows and widowers

A

more than 3x as many women 65+ are widowed as are men 65+
women spend more years as widow than men as widower

42
Q

Primary cause for the creation of retirement

A

financial security

43
Q

Defined benefit pension plan vs. defined contribution plan

A

Defined benefit: specified amount is guaranteed by company as a lifetime annuity
defined contribution: the amount of benefit depends on a person’s investment returns

44
Q

chronic sorrow

A

caregivers’ grief is unending and unpredictable because its associated with the living and not the dead

45
Q

civic engagement

A

process in which ppl actively participate in the life of their communities thru individual and collective activities associated with civic life

46
Q

Understand the different sources of income for older adults

A

older adults get income from SS, earnings, asset incomes, pensions

47
Q

gerontechnology

A

recent field of research and practice aimed at using tech to improve older adults’ autonomy

48
Q

How have both death and the dying process changed? Why?

A

yes, we are much more insulated from death and dying than previous generations have been. negative context associated with it

49
Q

% of elders’ total income that Social Security makes up on average

A

makes up about 36% of elders’ total income

50
Q

Differences in men and women in levels of volunteering

A

older women are more active in voluntary associations than men across life course

51
Q

Describe how the loss of a spouse is often multi-layered.

A

spouse likely served many different roles so losing a spouse is losing all of those roles

52
Q

Type of internet use that is most popular among older adults

A

61% of elders have a smartphone to stay involved in grandkids’ life

53
Q

religion vs religiosity

A

religosity is how much religious doctrine are internalized in beliefs versus the practice of religion is attending services
service attendance does not equal religiosity

54
Q

medical alert system

A

necklace/bracelet that serves as a communication device, alerting a monitor, emergency personell, or a designated individual when an elder needs help in an emergency, such as a fall

55
Q

mourning

A

culturally patterned expectations about expression of grief

56
Q

% of older adults who live in a home with internet access

A

70%

57
Q

productive aging

A

includes both paid and unpaid activity that produces benefits for society, such as caregiving, volunteerism, and contributing informally to family, friends, neighbors and the community

58
Q

% of all elders who experience some form of food insecurity

A

11.4%

Aging & Society (2 decks)

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