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Organic Chem > Everything > Flashcards

Everything Flashcards

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0
Q

E configuration is

A

Different side of the plane of the double bond

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1
Q

Z configuration indicates

A

The same side of the plane of the double bond

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2
Q

If during an addition reaction syn addition takes place what will the optical activity be

A

Only one set of enantiomers will form

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3
Q

If anti addition takes place across a double bond what will the optical activity be

A

Only one enantiomer

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4
Q

In reactions with a brominum ion what is the stereochemistry

A

Anti addition

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5
Q

Rate of SN2 is dependent on what

A

Concentration of nucleophile and electrophile

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6
Q

Which step of SN2 reaction is slow

A

Leavin group

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7
Q

Rate of SN1 reaction is

A

Dependant on the concentration of the electrophile

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8
Q

Four factors to consider when deciding between SN1 and SN2

A

Electrophile, nucleophile, leaving group, and solvent

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9
Q

Type of electrophile that will favor SN1 vs SN2

A

For SN2 primary is the best because of steric hinderance. For SN1 tertiary is the best because its the most stable carbonation.

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10
Q

Resonance stabilization in benzylic or allylic positions will favor

A

SN1

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11
Q

Most important factor for SN1 vs SN2

A

Electrophile

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12
Q

Second most important factor of SN1 vs SN2

A

Nucleophile

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13
Q

Example of weak nucleophile

A

No negative charge, lone pairs.

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14
Q

Moderate nucleophile

A

Stabilized negative charge. Such as the halogens or resonance stabilized.

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15
Q

Strong nucleophile

A

Negative charge that is not stabilized

16
Q

How does the strength of a nucleophile affect SN1 and SN2

A

It doesn’t affect SN1 but a strong nucleophile significantly increases the rate of SN2 and a weak slows it down

17
Q

Excellent leaving groups

A

Once they have left they have no negative charge at all

18
Q

Good leaving groups

A

Once separated they have a negative charge that is very stable.

19
Q

Bad leaving groups

A

Once separated they have negative charge that is not stabilized

20
Q

How do you know if an SN1 reaction will proceed?

A

As long as the leaving group is more stable than the nucleophile

21
Q

Effect of leaving group on SN1 vs SN2

A

A good leaving group is positive for both but SN1 is more sensitive.

22
Q

An excellent leaving group will favor SN1 or SN2

A

SN1

23
Q

Polar aprotic solvents favor

A

SN2

24
Q

What is aprotic

A

Solvent does not have a proton on an electronegative atom so there are no hydrogens which dissociate

25
Q

Examples of polar aprotic solvents

A

Acetone, DMSO, DME, DMF

26
Q

What’s the difference between an amide and an amide

A

An amide has a carboxylic O next to the amine

27
Q

What’s the difference between an ester an an ether

A

An ester has an extra double bonded O

28
Q

What’s an alkoxyl

A

-OR

29
Q

Diatereomers that differ at only one chiral carbon are called ____

A

Epimers

30
Q

If a ring closure happens at the epimeric carbon, ____ possible diastereomer are formed called ____

A

2, anomers

31
Q

The higher the heat of combustion, the _____ stable the molecule

A

Less

32
Q

Which halogen is most selective?

A

I

33
Q

Three steps of an E1 reaction

A
  1. Acid proton the alcohol group making it a good leaving group
  2. The group leaves and carbonation can rearrange
  3. Water molecule deprotonates the carbonation
34
Q

Sayteff rule

A

The major product of elimination will be the most substituted alkene

35
Q

What mechanism does the synthesis of alkene from alcohol follow

A

E1 in the presence of a strong hot base

36
Q

What mechanism does the dehydrohalogenation follow to form an alkene

A

Either by E1 in the absence of a strong base or by E2 in the presence of a strong bulky base

37
Q

What are the two steps in an E1 dehydrohalogenation reaction

A

The halogen leaves as a leaving group. The weak base abstracts a proton forming a double bond

38
Q

The (most/least) reactive alkenes are the most thermodynamically stable

A

Most. This is because they have the lowest activation energy when forming carbocations.

Organic Chem (1 decks)

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