Eukaryotes Flashcards
What does double membrane mean?
There are two membranes of two layers each
What are hydrogenosomes?
A fermentation organelles found in some amitochondriates in place of mitochondria
What is a nucleolus?
Non-membrane bound organelle within the nucleus that synthesizes ribosomes
What is the electron donor in photosynthesis?
Water
Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are semi-_________, meaning:
autonomous,
meaning they have their own DNA and can replicate independently of the rest of the cell
Why is there such a low abundance of proteins in Eukaryotic cell membranes, compared to prokaryotes?
Because we don’t need the proteins for ETC, as ETC is done in mitochondria
What are the cell walls of fungi and algae made of?
Fungi cell walls are made of chitin and algae cell walls are made of cellulose
Compare chitin and cellulose
Chitin is made of NAG (N-acetylglucosamine) structures and cellulose is made of glucose structures
What are the two major proteins used in the cytoskeleton of eukaryotes?
FtsZ (microtubules) and MreB (microfilaments)
Describe the structure of Eukaryote flagella and cilia
- 9 + 2 microtubule arrangement
- Movement by ATP hydrolysis
Word association: Chytridiomycota
Watermolds
Word association: Zygomycota
Bread mold
Word association: Glomeromycota
Important for plants/trees, live in association with roots
Word association: Ascomycota
Spore shooters, yeast
Word association: Basidiomycota
Spore droppers, traditional mushroom
