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oral boards > esophageal CA staging > Flashcards

esophageal CA staging Flashcards

1
Q

esoph CA

Tis

depth of invasion

A

confined to epithelium
i.e. NOT invading the basement membrane

= definition of high-grade dysplasia (HGD)

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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2
Q

esoph CA

T1a

depth of invasion

A

mucosa:
lamina propria OR muscularis mucosae

into but not through

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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3
Q

esoph CA

T1b

depth of invasion

A

submucosa

into but not through

broken down into SM1/2/3 for superfic/middle/deep 1/3 of submucosa respectively
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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4
Q

esoph CA

T2

depth of invasion

A

muscularis propria

into but not through

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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5
Q

esoph CA

T3

depth of invasion

A

adventitia

i.e. has escaped the esophagus

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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6
Q

esoph CA

T4

depth of invasion

A

adjacent structures

subcategorized into T4a & T4b by resectability

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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7
Q

esoph CA

T4a

depth of invasion

A

resectable structures:
pleura
pericardium
azygos vein
diaphragm
peritoneum

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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8
Q

esoph CA

T4b

depth of invasion

A

unresectable structures
all else from T4a incl:
aorta
vertebral body
trachea
adjacent visceral organs (incl liver, pancreas, lung, spleen)

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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9
Q

esoph CA

layers of the esophageal wall

starting from internal lumen moving externally

for staging;

A
  1. epithelium (mucosa)
  2. basement membrane (mucosa)
  3. lamina propria (mucosa)
  4. muscularis mucosae (mucosa)
  5. submucosa
  6. muscularis propria (incl circular & longitudinal fiber layers)
  7. [adventitia]

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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10
Q

esoph CA

N0

A

self-explanatory

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11
Q

esoph CA

N1

A

1-2 regional LN+

any regional LN

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12
Q

esoph CA

N2

A

3-6 regional LN+

any regional LN

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13
Q

esoph CA

N3

A

7+ regional LN+

any regional LN

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14
Q

esoph CA

M0

A

self-explanatory

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15
Q

esoph CA

M1

A

any distant met(s)

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16
Q

Does adenoCA staging, SCC staging, or both incorporate location of the tumor?

A

SCC only
(L-upper/middle/lower)

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17
Q

esoph CA

L-upper (for SCC)

A

cervical esophagus to lower border of azygos vein

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18
Q

esoph CA

L-middle (for SCC)

A

lower border of azygos vein to lower border of IPV

IPV = inferior pulmonary vein

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19
Q

esoph CA

L-lower (for SCC)

A

lower border of IPV to stomach, incl GEJ

IPV = inferior pulmonary vein

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20
Q

esoph CA

How is location defined for L-category (for SCC)?

(or for Siewert classification of GEJ CA)

A

by “epicenter”

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21
Q

EGD distance (from incisors) of:
UES

A

15cm

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

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22
Q

EGD distance (from incisors) of:
sternal notch

A

20cm

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

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23
Q

EGD distance (from incisors) of:
azygos vein

A

25cm

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

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24
Q

EGD distance (from incisors) of:
IPV

A

30cm

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

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25
Q

EGD distance (from incisors) of:
LES

A

40cm

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

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26
Q

EGD distance (from incisors) of:
GEJ

A

40-42cm

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

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27
Q

Siewert I

definition

A

5cm prox to GEJ
to 1cm prox to GEJ

GEJ defined as Z-line

https://drive.google.com/file/d/197a9Fj0M2bSiCo0Fh4YgqYx7tK1bEgfg/view

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28
Q

Siewert II

definition

A

1cm prox to GEJ
to 2cm dist to GEJ

GEJ defined as Z-line

https://drive.google.com/file/d/197a9Fj0M2bSiCo0Fh4YgqYx7tK1bEgfg/view

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29
Q

Siewert III

definition

A

2cm dist to GEJ
to 5cm dist to GEJ
tx as gastric CA

GEJ defined as Z-line

https://drive.google.com/file/d/197a9Fj0M2bSiCo0Fh4YgqYx7tK1bEgfg/view

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30
Q

cervical esophagus

distance/definition

A

15-20cmFI
UES : sternal notch

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

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31
Q

upper [thoracic] esophagus

distance/definition

A

20-25cmFI
sternal notch : azygos vein

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

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32
Q

middle [thoracic] esophagus

distance/definition

A

25-30cmFI
azygos vein : IPV

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

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33
Q

distal [thoracic] esophagus

distance/definition

A

30-40cmFI
IPV : LES

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

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34
Q

esoph CA

SCC cI

A

T1 N0-1

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35
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA cI

A

T1 N0 only

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36
Q

esoph CA

difference between SCC & adenoCA cI

A

both include T1 N0
only SCC also incl T1 N1

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37
Q

esoph CA

SCC cII

A

T2 N0-1
T3 N0

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38
Q

esoph CA

Are there substages of SCC cII?

A

NO

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39
Q

esoph CA

Are there substages of adenoCA cII?

A

YES

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40
Q

esoph CA

Are there substages of cIII for either adenoCA or SCC?

A

NO

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41
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA cIIA

A

T1 N1 only

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42
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA cIIB

A

T2 N0 only

note that T2 is worse than N1

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43
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA cIII

A

T3-4a N0
T2-4a N1

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44
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA cIVA

A

T4b
N2
N3

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45
Q

esoph CA

SCC cIII

A

T3 N1
T1-3 N2

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46
Q

esoph CA

SCC cIVA

A

T4a-T4b
N3

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47
Q

esoph CA

cIVB (either SCC or adenoCA)

A

M1

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48
Q

How is tumor grade used in esophageal CA p-staging?

A

substratifies T stage for T1a,T1b,T2 in adenoCA & for T1a,T2,T3 in SCC

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49
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: confined to the epithelium

i.e. NOT through the basement membrane

A

Tis

= definition of high-grade dysplasia

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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50
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades lamina propria

into but not through

A

T1a

confined to the mucosa

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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51
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades muscularis mucosae

into but not through

A

T1a

confined to the mucosa

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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52
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades submucosa

into but not through

A

T1b

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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53
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades muscularis propria

into but not through

A

T2

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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54
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades adventitia

i.e. has escaped the esophagus

A

T3

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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55
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades adjacent structures

A

T4

subcategorized into T4a & T4b by resectability

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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56
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades pleura

A

T4a

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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57
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades pericardium

A

T4a

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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58
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades azygos vein

A

T4a

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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59
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades diaphragm

A

T4a

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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60
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades peritoneum

A

T4a

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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61
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades aorta

A

T4b

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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62
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades vertebral body

A

T4b

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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63
Q

esoph CA

T-stage: invades trachea

A

T4b

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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64
Q

What layers of the esophageal wall comprise the mucosa?

in order from luminal outward

A

layers of the esophageal wall
(starting from internal lumen moving externally)
1. epithelium
2. basement membrane
3. lamina propria
4. muscularis mucosae
5. submucosa
6. muscularis propria (incl circular & longitudinal fiber layers)
7. [adventitia]

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

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65
Q

What are the primary (big picture) layers of the esophageal wall?

in order from luminal outward

A

1. mucosa
2. submucosa
3. muscularis
layers of the esophageal wall
(starting from internal lumen moving externally)
1. epithelium
2. basement membrane
3. lamina propria
4. muscularis mucosae
5. submucosa
6. muscularis propria (incl circular & longitudinal fiber layers)
7. [adventitia]

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HC1jAdUxITpbG7PY_yVDqhRF47PcnnvF/view

66
Q

esoph CA

N-stage: 1-2 LN+

any regional LN

A

N1

67
Q

esoph CA

N-stage: 3-6 LN+

any regional LN

A

N2

68
Q

esoph CA

N-stage: 7+ LN+

any regional LN

A

N3

69
Q

esoph CA

L-stage: cervical esophagus to lower border of azygos vein

A

L-upper (for SCC)

70
Q

esoph CA

L-stage: lower border of azygos vein to lower border of IPV

IPV = inferior pulmonary vein

A

L-middle (for SCC)

71
Q

esoph CA

L-stage: lower border of IPV to stomach, incl GEJ

IPV = inferior pulmonary vein

A

L-lower (for SCC)

72
Q

Siewert class:
5cm prox to GEJ
to 1cm prox to GEJ

GEJ defined as Z-line

https://drive.google.com/file/d/197a9Fj0M2bSiCo0Fh4YgqYx7tK1bEgfg/view

A

Siewert I

73
Q

Siewert class:
1cm prox to GEJ
to 2cm dist to GEJ

GEJ defined as Z-line

https://drive.google.com/file/d/197a9Fj0M2bSiCo0Fh4YgqYx7tK1bEgfg/view

A

Siewert II

74
Q

Siewert class:
2cm dist to GEJ
to 5cm dist to GEJ

GEJ defined as Z-line

https://drive.google.com/file/d/197a9Fj0M2bSiCo0Fh4YgqYx7tK1bEgfg/view

A

Siewert III

tx as gastric CA

75
Q

15-20cmFI

region

A

cervical esophagus

= UES : sternal notch

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

76
Q

UES : sternal notch

region

A

cervical esophagus

= 15-20cmFI

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

77
Q

20-25cmFI

region

A

upper [thoracic] esophagus

= 20-25cmFI

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

78
Q

sternal notch : azygos vein

region

A

upper [thoracic] esophagus

= sternal notch : azygos vein

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

79
Q

azygos vein : IPV

region

A

middle [thoracic] esophagus

= 25-30cmFI

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

80
Q

25-30cmFI

region

A

middle [thoracic] esophagus

= azygos vein : IPV

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

81
Q

IPV : LES

region

A

distal [thoracic] esophagus

= 30-40cmFI

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

82
Q

30-40cmFI

region

A

distal [thoracic] esophagus

= IPV : LES

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view?usp=drive_fs

83
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T1 N0-1

A

SCC cI

84
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T1 N0

A

SCC cI

85
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T1 N1

A

SCC cI

86
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T2-3 N0

A

SCC cII

87
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T2 N1

A

SCC cII

88
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T2 N0

A

SCC cII

89
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T3 N0

A

SCC cII

90
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: T1 N0

A

adenoCA cI
(T1 N0 is the only cI)

91
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: T1 N1

A

adenoCA cIIA
(T1 N1 is the only cIIA)

note that N1 is not as bad as T2

92
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: T2 N0

A

adenoCA cIIB
(T2 N0 is the only cIIB)

note that T2 is worse than N1

93
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage:
T3-4a N0

A

adenoCA cIII

94
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage:
T3 N0

A

adenoCA cIII

95
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage:
T4a N0

A

adenoCA cIII

96
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage:
T2-4a N1

A

adenoCA cIII

97
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage:
T2 N1

A

adenoCA cIII

98
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage:
T3 N1

A

adenoCA cIII

99
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage:
T4a N1

A

adenoCA cIII

100
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: T3-4a N0

A

adenoCA cIII

101
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: T3 N0

A

adenoCA cIII

102
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: T4a N0

A

adenoCA cIII

103
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage:
T2-4a N1

A

adenoCA cIII

104
Q

esoph CA

minimum adenoCA c-stage: T4b

A

adenoCA cIVA

105
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: N2

A

adenoCA cIVA

106
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: N3

A

adenoCA cIVA

107
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: M1

A

cIVB (either SCC or adenoCA)

108
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T3 N1-2

A

SCC cIII

109
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T1-2 N2

A

SCC cIII

110
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T4a-T4b N3

A

SCC cIVA

111
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: M1

A

cIVB (either SCC or adenoCA)

112
Q

landmark @ 15cm

EGD distance (from incisors)

A

UES

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

113
Q

landmark @ 20cm

EGD distance (from incisors)

A

sternal notch

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

114
Q

landmark @ 25cm

EGD distance (from incisors)

A

azygos vein

also probably carina

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view
SEER: 23-24cm https://training.seer.cancer.gov/ugi/anatomy/esophagus.html
by EUS: 25.7cm on average https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14570085/

115
Q

landmark @ 25cm

EGD distance (from incisors)

A

carina (23-26cm)

also azygos vein

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view
SEER: 23-24cm https://training.seer.cancer.gov/ugi/anatomy/esophagus.html
by EUS: 25.7cm on average https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14570085/

116
Q

landmark @ 30cm

EGD distance (from incisors)

A

IPV

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

117
Q

landmark @ 40cm

EGD distance (from incisors)

A

LES

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

118
Q

landmark @ 40-42cm

EGD distance (from incisors)

A

GEJ

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view

119
Q

esoph CA

minimum adenoCA c-stage: T2

A

adenoCA cIIB

120
Q

esoph CA

minimum adenoCA c-stage: T3

A

adenoCA cIII

121
Q

esoph CA

minimum adenoCA c-stage: N1

A

adenoCA cIIA

122
Q

esoph CA

minimum adenoCA c-stage: N2

A

adenoCA cIVA

123
Q

esoph CA

minimum adenoCA c-stage: T4b

A

adenoCA cIVA

124
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA I v II

differentiating stage criteria

A

T2 OR N1

T2 (N0) = IIB; (T1) N1 = IIA

125
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA IIA v IIB

differentiating stage criteria

A

N1 (IIA) v T2 (IIB)

(T1) N1 = IIA; T2 (N0) = IIB

126
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA IVA v IVB

differentiating stage criteria

A

M1 = IVB

same in SCC

127
Q

esoph CA

SCC IVA v IVB

differentiating stage criteria

A

M1 = IVB

same in adenoCA

128
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA II v III

differentiating stage criteria

A

T2 N0 OR T1 N1 v
T3 (N0) OR (T2-4a) N1

129
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA III v IVA

differentiating stage criteria

A

T4b OR N2+

130
Q

esoph CA

SCC III v IVA

differentiating stage criteria

A

T4a+ OR N3

131
Q

esoph CA

SCC I v II

differentiating stage criteria

A

T2-3 OR N1

T2-3 N0 & T2 N1

132
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: T1 N1

A

cI

only N+ stage I

133
Q

esoph CA

SCC IIA v IIB

differentiating stage criteria

A

trick Q: NO substages

for SCC II; only SCC substages are for IV: IVA/IVB

134
Q

esoph CA

SCC II v III

differentiating stage criteria

A

T3 N1 OR <T4 N2

i.e. T3 N1 & T1-3 N2

135
Q

esoph CA

minimum adenoCA c-stage: T4a

A

adenoCA cIII

136
Q

esoph CA

minimum SCC c-stage: T4a

A

SCC cIVA

137
Q

esoph CA

minimum SCC c-stage: T2

A

SCC cII

138
Q

esoph CA

minimum SCC c-stage: T3

A

SCC cII

139
Q

esoph CA

minimum SCC c-stage: N1

A

SCC cI

140
Q

esoph CA

minimum SCC c-stage: N2

A

SCC cIII

141
Q

esoph CA

minimum SCC c-stage: N3

A

SCC cIVA

142
Q

esoph CA

minimum adenoCA c-stage: N3

A

adenoCA cIVA

143
Q

esoph CA

adenoCA c-stage: Tis

A

adenoCA c0

144
Q

esoph CA

SCC c-stage: Tis

A

SCC c0

145
Q

esoph CA

risk of +N with T1a

A

<3%

146
Q

esoph CA

risk of +N with T1b

A

25%

147
Q

esoph CA

risk of +N with T2

A

25-50%

148
Q

esoph CA

risk of +N with T3

A

75-80%

149
Q

esoph CA

indication for bronchoscopy as part of staging w/u (at time of esophagectomy)

A

+resp sx
upper & mid-esophageal (@ or above carina)
esp SCC

150
Q

EGD distance (from incisors) of:
carina

A

25cm (~23-26cm)

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HM9tm22JDxHLW5iGeVQm7r9SXZa_wyuT/view
SEER: 23-24cm https://training.seer.cancer.gov/ugi/anatomy/esophagus.html
by EUS: 25.7cm on average https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14570085/

151
Q

NCCN recommended w/u for esophageal CA

A

EGD + bx
CT C/A/P with PO+IV contrast
PET-CT
Siewert classification
EUS ± EMR for staging T1a/T1b
± bronch if tumor @ or above carina
± lap staging/peritoneal washing for Siewert II

152
Q

NCCN recommended pathologic testing during w/u of esophageal CA

A

MSI testing by NGS or MMR IHC
PD-L1 testing for advanced
Her2 for metastatic adenoCA

153
Q

Do celiac axis nodes count as regional (i.e. non-metastatic) dz for esophageal CA?

A

YES

154
Q

What are the regional (versus distant=metastatic) LN for esophageal CA?

A

all para/periesophageal LN from neck to celiac axis, incl:
paratracheal (cervical & thoracic)
level 7
9R/9L
L gastric
prox common hepatic artery
prox splenic artery
celiac artery down to base

(but NOT incl supraclav LN, which are not considered peri/para)

155
Q

EUS appearance of LN suspicious for esophageal CA involvement

A

enlarged, hypoechoic (dark), homogeneous, well-circumscribed, rounded structures
(confirm with FNA)

156
Q

indication(s) to consider laparoscopic staging incl peritoneal washing/cytology

A

cT3 or cN+

157
Q

How is ⊕peritoneal washing/cytology considered for esophageal CA staging?

A

M1

158
Q

minimum # LN required for adequate oncologic resxn/staging of esophageal CA if NO induction chemoRT/neoadjuvant

A

15 LNs

159
Q

minimum # LN required for adequate oncologic resxn/staging of esophageal CA AFTER induction chemoRT/neoadjuvant

A

15 LNs
(actually unknown, but recommendation the same)

160
Q

procedure of peritoneal washing during staging laparoscopy for esophageal/GEJ CA without e/o macroscopic peritoneal dz

A

200mL saline @ RUQ, LUQ, pelvis (each), collected in Lukens trap
(UpToDate)

161
Q
A

oral boards (15 decks)

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