Erosion And Weathering Flashcards

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1
Q

Hydraulic action

A

Force of waves break against cliff.parts break off. Also as wave hits cliff air is compressed into cracks, forcing fragments of rock to also break off.

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2
Q

Attrition

A

Sand and pebbles constantly collide with each other as the waves move them. Making beach material smaller and more rounded.

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3
Q

Abrasion

A

During storm conditions. Waves pick up sand and pebbles and hurl them at cliffs. AKA sandblasting effect

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4
Q

Weathering

A

Break down of rocks by the action if weather,plants or chemical action.

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5
Q

Corrosion

A

Sea water slowly dissolves chalk and limestone. Increase size of cracks so erosion is more effective. Salt spray then goes into the cracks,evaporates, salt crystals form, force rocks apart.

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6
Q

Wetting/drying

A

Soft rocks (clay) , expand when wet and contract when dry. Weakens rocks, so erosion is more effective.

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7
Q

Freeze thaw

A

Water becomes trapped in a crack. Temp drops below freezing, the water freezes and expands puts pressure on the rocks,weakens and can shatter fragments of rock.

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8
Q

Biological

A

Burrowing animals, holes into cracks splitting the rock. Plants grow in cracks, push open cracks widening them, small pieces fall aware

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9
Q

Constructive wave

A

Smash is stronger than the backwash
Help build beaches
Long low waves
Less energy

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10
Q

Destructive waves

A
Backwash is stronger than swash
Erodes cliffs rapidly
Remove beach material 
Short steep waves 
More energy
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