Erosion And Weathering

Question 1

Hydraulic action

Answer 1

Force of waves break against cliff.parts break off. Also as wave hits cliff air is compressed into cracks, forcing fragments of rock to also break off.

Question 2

Attrition

Answer 2

Sand and pebbles constantly collide with each other as the waves move them. Making beach material smaller and more rounded.

Question 3

Abrasion

Answer 3

During storm conditions. Waves pick up sand and pebbles and hurl them at cliffs. AKA sandblasting effect

Question 4

Weathering

Answer 4

Break down of rocks by the action if weather,plants or chemical action.

Question 5

Corrosion

Answer 5

Sea water slowly dissolves chalk and limestone. Increase size of cracks so erosion is more effective. Salt spray then goes into the cracks,evaporates, salt crystals form, force rocks apart.

Question 6

Wetting/drying

Answer 6

Soft rocks (clay) , expand when wet and contract when dry. Weakens rocks, so erosion is more effective.

Question 7

Freeze thaw

Answer 7

Water becomes trapped in a crack. Temp drops below freezing, the water freezes and expands puts pressure on the rocks,weakens and can shatter fragments of rock.

Question 8

Biological

Answer 8

Burrowing animals, holes into cracks splitting the rock. Plants grow in cracks, push open cracks widening them, small pieces fall aware

Question 9

Constructive wave

Answer 9

Smash is stronger than the backwash
Help build beaches
Long low waves
Less energy

Question 10

Destructive waves

Answer 10

Backwash is stronger than swash
Erodes cliffs rapidly
Remove beach material 
Short steep waves 
More energy