Ernest Hemingway Flashcards
Where was Hemingway born?
Oak Park, Illinois
When was Hemingway born?
July 21, 1899
Who were Hemingway’s family?
His mother was Grace Hall, his father was Dr. Clarence Edmonds Hemingway and he was the second of six
Where did Hemingway get his love of the outdoors?
From his summers spent throughout his childhood in northern Michigan where his father, an avid outdoorsman, taught him to hunt and fish
What did Hemingway’s mother install in him?
A love of music along with conservative Midwestern values
Who was the dark queen of Hemingway’s inner world?
His mother
When did Hemingway decide to become a writer?
In high school
What writing did Hemingway do during high school?
He contributed to the high school newspaper and literary magazineW
Where did Hemingway’s older sister go to school?
Oberlin College
Where did Hemingway move after high school?
Kansas City
What job did Hemingway take while in Kansas City?
A reporter with the Kansas City Star
When did Hemingway turn 19?
July 1917
Why was Hemingway prohibited from joining the United States Army?
Because of his poor vision
When did Hemingway go to Italy as a worker for the Red Cross?
April 1918
What rank did Hemingway achieve while in the army?
2nd Lieutenant
What did Hemingway do in Milan Italy in June 1918?
Help extricate women’s mutilated bodies from a destroyed munitions factory
Where did Hemingway volunteer to go to the front lines?
A Canteen near the Piave River
How was Hemingway wounded?
On June 8, 1918 he was wounded when a shell exploded near the dugout where he was delivering chocolates and cigarettes to the soldiers
What happened to the other two soldiers in the dugout where Hemingway was wounded?
One was mortally wounded and the other lost his legs
How many wounds did Hemingway receive when he was wounded in Italy?
200 plus
What two medals did Hemingway receive?
The War Cross of Merit and the Silver Medal of Military Valor from the Italian Government
Who did Hemingway meet while recovering in the hospital from his wounds?
American Red Cross nurse Agnes con Kurowskky
When did Hemingway return from the States after his campaign in Italy?
January 1919
When did Kurowksy fall in love with an Italian officer and leave Hemingway?
March 1919
When did Hemingway go to Michigan after Kurowsky left him?
Summer 1919 to fish
Hemingway’s trip to Michigan in 1919 inspired what story?
Big Two Hearted River
When did Hemingway move to Toronto?
In early 1920
What job did Hemingway find in Toronto after he moved there?
Free-lance writer for the Toronto Star
Where did Hemingway celebrate his 21st birthday?
In Michigan
Why did Hemingway get kicked out of the summer cottage in Michigan by his mother?
Because of his late night antics with his younger sisters and their friends
When did Hemingway move to Chicago?
Fall 1920
When did Hemingway secure a job writing for a monthly newspaper in Chicago?
December 1920
How many years older was Hadley than Hemingway?
Eight years older
When did Hadley and Hemingway become engaged?
Spring 1921
Who did Hemingway meet in Chicago other than his wife that would be important to determining his future?
Sherwood Anderson
How did Sherwood Anderson help Hemingway after they met?
By encouraging him to move to Paris as well as providing letters of introductions for him to help advance his career
Heminway was the Toronto Str’s first what?
European correpsondent
When did Hemingway and Hadley sail for France
December 1921
When did Hemingway’s imagination return to at the end of his life?
Paris 1920’s
When did Hemingway produce his most important work?
1925 to 1929
What did Hemingway refer to Paris as?
His moveable feast
Where did Hemingway live between 1921 and 1928 in Paris?
In a cold-water flat above a dance hall and then in a flat adjoining a lumber mill
Where was Hadley’s and Hemingway’s first son born?
In Toronto
How many stories did Hemingway fill in the Toronto Star from 1922 to 1923?
88
Hemingway’s 88 stories in the Toronto Star was based upon what?
Travels to the Genoa Economic Conference, Italian war sites where he interviewed Mussolini, to Constantinople to observe the Greco-Turkish war and to the peace conference in Lausanne as well as his experiences during World War One
Whose bookshop did Hemingway go to when he arrived in Paris?
Sylvia Beach’s Shakespeare and Company
Beach’s bookshop was a gathering place for who?
Expatriate writers including James Joyce and Ezra Pound
How did Pound become a friend of Ernest Hemingway?
In February 1922 he invited him to tea
When Hemingway met Pound, what had Pound just finished doing?
Editing Eliot’s The Waste Land
What book was published in February 1922 and by whom?
James Joyce’s Ulysses by Sylvia Beach
What was Pound and Hemingway’s learning trade?
Hemingway taught Pound how to box while Pound taught Hemingway how to write in a compressed, imagist style
From February to July 1922 Hemingway became friends with whom?
Pound, Beach, Stein, James Joyce, Lincoln Steffens and Wyndham Lewis
When did Hemingway begin to publish in the little magazines?
May 1922
When did Hemingway publish a two page story in The Double Dealer?
May 1922
How many of Hemingway’s poems later appeared in Harriet Monroe’s Poetry?
Six
What event doomed Hemingway and Hadley’s marriage?
Hadley packed all his manuscripts, typescripts and carbon copies in a suitcase which was stolen in December 1922
Hemingway lost his suitcase full of his work on a way to what?
His ski vacation
What three works were not stolen when Hemingway lost his suitcase full of his works?
My Old Man, Up in Michigan and the poems to be published in Poetry
Who produced Hemingway’s first book, Three Stories and Ten Poems?
Writer and publisher Robert McAlmon
What was Hemingway’s first book?
Three stories and Ten Poems
How many copies of Three Stories and Ten Poems were produced for Contact Press?
Three hundred copies
When was Hemingway’s first book published?
Summer of 1923
What stories were in Three Stories and Ten Poems?
Two salvaged from the stolen suitcase, Out of Season, six poems from Poetry and four new ones
When did Hemingway publish his second work?
March 1924
What was Hemingway’s second work?
In Our Time
How many copies of In Our Time were produced by William Bird’s Three Mountain Press?
170 copies
How many sketches did Pound edit in 1924 of Hemingway’s?
18 sketches
What did Hemingway write about during one of his vinigrattes?
The execution of six Greek ministers during the Greco-Turk war
When did Hemingway meet Edward O’Brien?
1923
Who was Edward O’Brien?
The editor of annual volumes of the best short stories in Rapallo, Italy
O’Brien dedicated The Best Short Stories of 1923 to whom?
Hemingway
O’Brien accepted my Old Man into what volume of his?
The Best Short Stories of 1923
When was In Our Time published and by whom?
By Boni and Liveright in the U.S. in October 1925
In Out Time Hemingway was inspired by what work of James Joyce’s?
Dubliners
The brief vignettes from In Our Time were used by Hemingway as what?
Interchapters thematically and symbolically connecting the longer stories, dour of which were new
In In Our Time featured what pieces from Hemingway?
Big Two-Hearted River, Indian Camp, The Three Day Blow, The Battler
Who is Hemingway’s alter ego in Big Two-Hearted River?
Nick Adams
Where does Nick Adams in Big Two-Hearted River fish?
Michigan
The burned-over country through which Nick Adams hikes through in Big Two-Hearted River is a symbolic parallel to?
Nick’s utter resistance to interior revelation
Hemingway told Gertrude Stein that he intended t do the landscape in Big Two-Hearted River like who?
Cezanne
Hemingway believes that instead of telling or describing the country and river in Big Two-Hearted River he must?
Make them
Hemingway’s habit of making is attributable to the influences of?
Pound and Eliot
In Big Two-Hearted River the individual must?
Find a way to go on living in our time in the aftermath of war and revolution
What was the second sign of trouble between Hemingway and his wife Hadley?
Her second pregnancy
When did Hemingway and Hadley sail to America for the birth of their second child and on what ship and what was carried in their luggage?
August 1923 on the Cherbourg carrying copies of Ulysses to smuggle into Canada and ultimately into the United States where it was banned
When was John Hadley Nicanor Hemingway born and where?
Toronto, Canada in October 1923
Who had suggested to Hemingway that he and his wife go to Pamplona which had the beset bullfighting in Spain during the festival of San Fermin?
Stein and Toklas
According to Stein and Toklas where was the best bullfighting?
In Spain, in Pamplona, during the festival of San Fermin
What bullfights had Hemingway seen previously to going to Pamplona for the first time?
Madrid the year before
According to Hemingway is bullfighting a sport?
No its a tragedy
According to Hemingway what did bullfighting symbolize?
A struggle between man and the beasts
When did Hemingway return to Paris in 1924?
January 1924
In Paris in January 1924, Hemingway worked as what?
Editor on Ford Madox Ford’s transatlantic review
Who serialized Gertrude Stein’s the Making of America?
Ford Madox Ford
Gertrude Stein wrote as Alice in what story?
Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas?
In 1924 Hemingway wrote many of the stories he would later collect In Our Time, what were they?
Indian Camp, The Doctor and the Doctor’s Wife, Soldier’s Home and Big Two-Hearted River
Why was Hemingway’s completition of Big Two-Hearted River delayed in 1924?
A trip to Pamplona for the festival and to Burgeute for his fishing at the end of June through the end of July
Between late 1924 and spring 1925 Hemingway published individual stories in what little magazines?
Transatlantic Review, This Quarter, the Little Review
What had Hemingway between March and June 1925?
Signed his first commercial contract, had met Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald, and read Fitzgerald’s newly published The Great Gabsy
When did Hemingway return to Pamplona for a third time?
July 1925
Harold Loeb served as model for what character in The Sun Also Rises?
Robert Cohn because he was a Jew
What character in the Sun Also Rises was based off of Lady Duff Twysden?
Lady Brett Ashley
What two men were infatuated with Lady Duff Twysden?
Loeb and Hemingway
What did Hemingway initially entitle the Sun Also Rises?
Fiesta
When did Hemingway complete the first draft of The Sun Also Rises?
September 1925
What was the threat to Hadley and her marriage to Hemingway?
Pauline Pfeiffer
When did Pauline Pieffer join the Hemingway household?
During a winter vacation at Schruns
Who did Hemingway blame for the breakup of his first marraige?
Pauline Pfieffer
Hemingway changed publishers from the Boni and Liveright to?
Scibner’s
Why did Hemingway change publishers?
Because Scribner’s editor Max Perkins had been courting him on the strength of promise of his manuscript The Sun Also Rises
What was Heingway’s contract with Boni and Liveright?
That the next three books that Hemingway wrote were their’s
How did Hemingway get out of his contract with Boni and Liveright?
By writing a scathing satire, The Torrents os Spring which attacked the publisher’s prominant author Sherwood Anderson
When and where did Hemingway meet with Boni and Liveright to declare his contract null and void?
New York, February 1926
When did Hemingway and Pauline Pfieffer become lovers?
March 1926
Scott Ftizgerald wrote what about Hemingway and his women?
That he needed to change the women in his life with each new major work
When did the Hemingway’s announce their separation?
August 1926
When did The Sun Also Rises come out?
October 22, 1926
Several reviewers acknowledged that The Sun Also Rises was a?
Roman a clef
Duff Twysden claimed what about her affair with Romero?
That she had not in fact slept with that bloody bullfigher
What did Hemingway’s mother have to say about The Sun Also Rises?
That it was one of the filthiest books of the year
Who found that based off of The Sun Also Rises that Hemingway was the most exciting of contemporary American writers of fiction?
Conrad Aiken
When did Hemingway get his divorce officially?
December 1926
What did Hemingway promise Hadley in exchange for the divorce?
All the royalties from the Sun Also Rises
When did Hemingway marry Pauline Pfieffer?
May 1927
What 1927 stories by Hemingway appeared in Scribner’s magazine?
The Killers, Another Country and A Canary for One
What magazine did Fifty Grand come out in?
Atlantic monthly
What magazine did Italy-1927 come out in?
new Republic
Hills Like White Elephants came out in what magazine?
Transition
What collection of short fiction was published by Hemingway in October 1927?
Men Without Women
A New Slain Knight reached how many words before Hemingway abandoned it?
50,000 words
When did Hemingway write the beginning of Farewell to Arms?
March 1928
Where did Pauline want to have her baby in early 1928?
The United States
Who did Hemingway learn about Key West from?
John dos passos
When did Hemingway and Pauline sail to Key West?
March 1928
For how many years did Hemingway live intermittently in Key West?
12 years
What were some of the work produced by Hemingway while at Key West?
A Farewell to Arms, Death in the Afternoon, Green Hills of Africa, to Have and Have Not and the beginning of For Whom the Bell Tolls
Through April, May, June of 1926 Hemingway completed how many pages of A Farewell to Arms before the birth of his second son?
300 pages
While Pauline recovered from a difficult birth where did Hemingway go?
Wyoming
When did Hemingway complete the first draft of a Farewell To Arms?
August 1928
When did Hemingway begin to move to Key West?
November 1928
When did Hemingway fly to New York to pick up his son and what was his name?
In December 1928, Bubmy
How long did Bumby stay with the Hemingway’s?
Six months
Where did Hemingway receive news of his father’s suicide and what did he do with Bumby?
While on the train from New York to Florida and he left his child in the care of a porter for the rest of the journey to Florida
Why did Dr. Hemingway commit suicide?
Because of financial trouble and illness
When did Hemingway set up a trust fund for his mother so that he would be set for life?
In 1930
When was the typescript of A Farewell to Arms completed?
In January 1929
How much money did Max Perkins pay Hemingway for the serialization of a Farewell to Arms?
$16,000
Who are the two major figures in A Farewell to Arms?
American Frederic Henry and British nurse Catherine Barkley
Who is Henry a thinly disguised persona for in A Farewell to Arms>
Hemingway
Why was A Farewell to Arms banned and where?
Because of its obscenities in Boston
What happens to Henry in A Farewell to Arms?
He gets wounded, has an affair with Catherine and gets her pregnant ad after three months returns to the Italian Front and gets caught up in the retreat from the Battle of Caporetto, escapes execution and flees to Switzerland with Catherine where she dies and gives birth to a stillborn child
When did the book form of Farewell to Arms get published?
September 1929
By October 1929 how many copies had A Farewell to Arms sold?
33,000 copies
Where did the Hemingway’s travel in 1929?
Cuba, France, Spain including Pampalona and then back to France
How much was Hemingway paid for writing about bullfighting for the Fortune magazine?
$1.000
What was the name of Hemingway’s nonfictional work on bullfighting?
Death in the Afternoon
How did Hemingway receive a seriously broken arm in November 1930?
While hunting in Wyoming
How much were the movie rights to A Farewell to Arms sold for?
$80,000
How much was Hemingway’s take after he sold the movie rights to A Farewell to Arms?
$24,000
When did the Hemingway’s find a house in Key West Florida?
In January 1931
According to Hemingway the bullfighter and the writer were both artists who must exhibit?
Grace under pressure
According to Hemingway, for one instant the bullfighter became?
Immortal
When Hemingway traveled to Pamplona while working on Death in the Afternoon he and his wife were accompanied by?
American Jewish bullfighter Sidney Franklin
What was the name of Pauline and Hemingway’s second son?
George
When did Hemingway meet Jane Mason?
September 1931
When did Hemingway’s affair with Jane Mason last from?
1931 to 1936
When did Hemingway spend time fishing off the coast of Cuba?
The summer of 1932
In December 1932 what story did Hemingway place in Scribner’s magazine?
A Clean Well Lighted Place
How many stories had Hemingway completed that would be included in the collection Entitled Winner Take Nothing?
Fourteen
What was Hemingway’s first attempt to write about lesbianism?
The Sea Change
Hemingway made a deal with what magazine to write stories while he moved between Key West and Florida?
Esquire
When did Hemingway and Pauline go to Africa for the first time?
November 1933
The expedition to Africa by Hemingway formed a basis for what new stories?
The Snows of Kilimanjaro and Green Hills of Africa
How much did Scribner’s offer Hemingway for Green Hills of Africa?
$4,500
What accident did Hemingway suffer while fishing between spring and summer 1935 fishing of the coast of Bimini?
He shot himself in both legs while trying to kill a shark on deck
Who was the protagonist of To Have and Have Not?
Henry Morgan
When did Hemingway begin to suffer from depression and insomnia?
In January 1936
When was Hemingway back to fishing off the coast of Bimini in 1936?
April
In what magazine was The Snows of Kilimanjaro published in?
Esquire
In what magazine was The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber published?
Cosmopolitan
What happens in The Snows of Kilimanjaro?
Henry develops gangrene and dies as he drifts in and out of consciousness reflecting on his failure to write his greatest work
What happens in The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber?
Macomber is a coward in contrast to the big game hunter who leads him and his wife on an African Safari. When a wounded water buffalo charges the group Macomber shoots him but is killed by his wife who can’t his the buffalo
The Snows of Kilimanjaro and The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber exhibit what two classic Hemingway code of masculine conduct?
Grace under pressure, courage and honor
When did Spain explode into a civil war?
July 1936
How did Hemingway help the Spanish war effort?
By contributing money for two ambulances
By November 1936 what novel was Hemingway close to finishing?
To Have and Have Not
What two actors starred in the movie version of To Have and Have Not?
Humphrey Bogart and lauren Bacal
What happens in to Have and Have Not?
Harry Morgan makes his living taking fishing parties out on the water off Key West and Cuba and he smuggles liquor and other illegal activities and dies
Who was Hemingway’s third wife?
Martha Gelhorn
How did Hemingway meet Martha Gelhorn?
In Sloppy Joes Bar in Key West in 1936
How many trips to Spain did Hemingway make to Spain with Martha from March 1937 to November 1938?
Four
Hemingway covered the Spanish Civil War for what newspaper?
The North American Newspaper Alliance
Hemingway was working on what documentary film in Madrid while in Spain during the civil war?
The Spanish Earth
When did Hemingway begin work on his novel, For Whom the Bell Toolls?
Early 1939
What was the name of the farm that Hemingway and Martha moved to in April 1939?
La Finca Vigia
While World War Two began where did Hemingway stay?
Cuba
Martha was assigned by what magazine to go to inland in December 1939?
Colliers
When Hemingway returned to Key West in December 1939 what happened to Pauline?
She took the kids to New York
When did For Whom the Bell Tolls appear in print?
October 1940
When did Hemingway work on For Whom the Bell Tolls?
May through August 1939
Hemingway took the title for A Farewell to Arms from John Donnei’s?
Meditation XVII
What happens in For Whom the Bell Tolls?
The protagonist Robert Jordan is given orders by a communist general to destroy a bridge. While at a guerrilla camp he meets and falls in love with Maria, a young women who has been brutally rape by fascists. Jordan is betrayed by the band’s leader but still destroys the bridge but is wounded when his horse is shot out under him and he waits for the fascist advance and the first lieutenant so he can shoot him with a machine gun
When was Hemingway’s divorce with Pauline final?
November 1940
Who starred in the movie edition of For Whom The Bells Tolls?
Gary Cooper
Why did the Hemingway’s go to China?
To cover the Sino-Japanese war
After America entered World War Two what did Hemingway do in Cuba?
Patrol its waters for German submarines
When did Martha accept a post with Collier’s as a European war corespondent?
The Summer of 1943
When did Hemingway finally agree to cover the war for Collier’s?
March 1944
Who did Hemingway have an affair with while in London during the war?
Mary Welsh Monks
What did Hemingway do to cover the war in Europe?
Fly on R.A.F. missions, land in Normandy on D-Day
When did Hemingway divorce Martha
Early 1945
When did Hemingway marry Mary?
March 1946
What book would be Mary’s book?
The Garden of Eden
How did Hemingway save Mary’s?
When she was undergoing a procedure and the doctors thought she was dead he stuck an IV tube into her arm and stabilized her
When did Hemingway begin writing Islands in the Stream?
In spring 1948
Who did Hemingway meet in Italy in December 1948 that he became infatuated with?
Adriana Ivanich
Adriana Ivanich inspired who in Across the River and Into the Trees?
Renata
When and where did Across the River and Into The Trees begin serialization?
Cosmopolitan, fall 1950
Who was the protagonist in Hemingway’s across the River and Into the Trees?
Colonel Richard Cantwell
When as Islands in the Stream posthumously published?
1970
How did Hemingway plan to restore his reputation that was damaged by Across the River and Into the Trees?
By writing Old Man and the Sea
How many words of The Old Man and the Sea had Hemingway finished by mid-February 1951?
26,000 words
When did Hemingway’s mother die?
June 28, 1951
When did Pauline die?
October 1, 1951
When did Fulgencio Batista seize power in Cuba?
March 1952
When did the Told Man and The Sea get published?
September 1951
How many copies of Scribner’s magazine with The Old Man and the Sea sell in just 8 days?
5 milllion
On September 8, 1951 how many copies of the novel Old Man and the Sea did Scribner’s sell?
50,000 copies
What happens in The Old Man and the Sea?
Santiago the protagonist tries to capture a huge marlin but after securing it to the end of the boat it gets eaten by sharks and when he goes to sleep at nigh he dreams of lions in Africa, underscoring his courage
When was Hemingway awarded the Pulitzer Prize?
1953
When was Hemingway awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature?
In 1954
Who would have the leading role in The Old Man and The Sea?
Spencer Tracy
When did discussions for filming of The Old Man and the Sea begin?
April 1953
How uch was Hemingway to receive from the movie The Old Man and the Sea?
$25,000 in royalties and $25,000 to supervise the photography of marlin fishing for a total of 50,000
What happened in late January 1954 to the Hemingway’s while in Africa?
Their plane crashed and they were erroneously reported dead
What happened to the second plane on the Hemingway’s African Safari trip?
It caught fire and he was reported as dead the second time
While in Africa what injuries did Hemingway suffer?
A series of serious concussions
When did Hemingway learn of his Nobel Prize?
October 28, 1954
Who delivered the acceptance speech for Hemingway for his Nobel Prize?
American ambassador to Sweden John Cabot
What was Hemingway’s Africa book?
True at first light
What was the problem with filming The Old Man and the Sea?
Finding a giant Marlin so they had to buil a huge mechanical fish
In 1955 how was Hemingway rendered sick?B
He had kidney infections and hepatitis
How did Hemingway help Pound in the 1950’s?
By sending him money at St. Elizabeth’s hospital and singing a petition for his release from the institution
When did Hemingway begin work on his memoirs?
February 1957
What was the name of Hemingway’s memoirs and when were they posthumously published?
A Moveable Feast in 1964
What movement did Hemingway contribute to while in Cuba?
The Communist Party lead by Fidel Castro
What two awards did The Old Man and the Sea receive?
Oscar for Best Original Score and Spencer Tracy was nominate for Best Actor in a Leading Role
Where in Idaho did the Hemingway’s buy a house?
Ketchumm
Where did Hemingway celebrate his 60th birthday?
Spain
When did Hemingway enter the Mayo Clinic and how was he traeted?
November 1960 and he was treated with electroshock therapy
When did Hemingway attempt suicide for the first time?
April 1960
When did Hemingway commit suicide?
July 2, 1960
What did Hemingway’s wife Mary argue about his suicide?
That he had died while cleaning his gun
What newspaper published a front page article about Hemingway’s death?
The New York time
