Enzymes

Question 1

Enzyme (aka organic catalysts)

Answer 1

Cells in your body that acts as a catalysts that make a chemical reaction.

Question 2

What are enzymes made off?

Answer 2

Enzymes are made up of proteins

Question 3

Activation Energy

Answer 3

Is the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction.

Question 4

What does a lowered activation energy do to the enzyme?

Answer 4

A lowered activation energy increases the rate of reaction.

Question 5

What is the purpose of an enzyme in respect to the rate?

Answer 5

Enzymes increase the rate of reaction(speed things up)

Question 6

Substrate

Answer 6

The substances enzymes are bind to

Question 7

Active site

Answer 7

Area where the substrate fits. It’s located in between the enzyme and the substrate.

Question 8

Lock and Key model

Answer 8

For every enzyme, there is a specific substrate that binds to it. The substrate acts as the key and the active site of an enzyme acts as the lock.

Question 9

Optimum (Optimal) Temperature

Answer 9

Optimal temperature is the temperature where enzymes work at their best

Question 10

What does freezing/cooling do to the molecules?

Answer 10

Molecules slow down

Question 11

What does heating do to the molecules?

Answer 11

Molecules speed up causing more clashes, resulting in more reactions

Question 12

Denaturation

Answer 12

Is the irreversible change in the protein structure(bent out of shape) when heated above optimal temperature

Question 13

Why do enzymes have a certain optimum pH level?

Answer 13

To maintain their functional structure

Question 14

Coenzymes

Answer 14

Small organic molecules that assist enzymes to work

Question 15

Cofactor

Answer 15

Inorganic compound( not made of carbon)

Question 16

Inhibitor

Answer 16

Material used to decrease the rate of reaction

Question 17

Allosteric Inhibitor

Answer 17

Binds to the allosteric site where the active site of the enzyme changes shape hence the substrate cannot fit into that particular enzyme.

Question 18

Competitive Inhibitor

Answer 18

Binds to an enzyme by the active site. They compete with the original substrate and block it from binding to the active site.

Question 19

Non- competitive inhibitor

Answer 19

Binds on the outside of an enzyme’s active site

Question 20

pH stands for

Answer 20

Potential of Hydrogen