enzyme activity: limiting factors

Question 1

factors affecting enzymes

Answer 1

temperature
pH
enzyme concentration
substrate concentration

Question 2

effect of temperature on rate of rate of reaction

Answer 2

at low temperatures, there is insufficient kinetic energy for successful collisions
as temp increases there is a higher rate of successful collisions
if the temp is too high, ionic and hydrogen bonds break, enzymes denature changing the shape of the active site, and ESC cannot form

Question 3

effect of pH on rate of rate of reaction

Answer 3

at optimum pH, the ESC form
in conditions that are too alkaline or too acidic
tertiary structure book break (e.g. hydrogen and ionic bonds)
enzyme denatures changing the shape of its active site
no ESC form

Question 4

effect of substrate concentration on rate of rate of reaction

Answer 4

if there is a low concentration of substrate, the reaction rate will be lower because fewer collisions will occur
increasing the substrate concentration increases the rate of reaction increases due to the frequency of successful collisions
at high substrate concentrations, the rate of reaction will plateau because all of the enzyme active sites are saturated meaning all active sites are binding substrate, so increasing [substrate concentration] has no effect

Question 5

effect of enzyme concentration on rate of rate of reaction

Answer 5

at low enzyme concentrations, there will be a lower rate of reaction due to less available enzyme for collision
increasing enzyme concentration will increase the rate of reaction as there are more active site so more ESC can form each minute which increases the rate of reaction
the rate plateaus at high enzyme concentration due to insufficient availability of substrate