Endomembrane System

Question 1

all of the membranes that interact with each other inside of a cell

Answer 1

endomembrane system

Question 2

membrane bound structure used as storage and structure in plant cells

Answer 2

vacuole

Question 3

Low pH, membrane bound structure in animals where materials are recycled or torn apart

Answer 3

lysosome

Question 4

It’s involved in protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, and calcium ion storage

Answer 4

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 5

T or F: Rough ER has ribosomes attached to its surface, while smooth ER lacks ribosomes.

Answer 5

T

Question 6

It’s a stack of membrane-bound vesicles involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of molecules synthesized in the cell.

Answer 6

Golgi Apparatus

Question 7

Membrane-bound organelles containing digestive enzymes used to break down waste materials and cellular debris.

Answer 7

Lysosome

Question 8

What is the pH range inside lysosomes?

Answer 8

4.5-5 which is acidic

Question 9

Small membrane-bound sacs that transport materials within the cell.

Answer 9

Vesicle

Question 10

materials transported by vesicles.

Answer 10

Proteins, lipids, and other cellular molecules.

Question 11

A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus, containing pores that regulate the passage of materials into and out of the nucleus.

Answer 11

Nuclear envelope

Question 12

What is the role of the endomembrane system in protein synthesis?

Answer 12

It synthesizes, modifies, and transports proteins within the cell.

Question 13

The process by which cells make proteins using instructions encoded in their DNA.

Answer 13

Endomembrane System

Question 14

It states that proteins destined for secretion have specific signal sequences that directs them to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 14

Signal Hypothesis in Protein synthesis

Question 15

Short amino acid sequences that direct proteins to their correct cellular location.

Answer 15

signal sequences in protein synthesis

Question 16

The addition of sugar molecules to proteins or lipids, which occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.

Answer 16

Glycosylation

Question 17

What is the role of glycosylation in protein modification?

Answer 17

It helps proteins fold properly, stabilize their structure, and target them to specific cellular locations.

Question 18

How do proteins move through the endomembrane system?

Answer 18

They are transported in vesicles that bud off from one organelle and fuse with another.

Question 19

What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in protein modification?

Answer 19

It adds carbohydrates to proteins, modifies their structure, and sorts them for delivery to their final destination.

Question 20

The process of vesicles moving between organelles within the endomembrane system.

Answer 20

Vesicular trafficking

Question 21

The process by which vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.

Answer 21

Exocytosis

Question 22

The process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in vesicles formed from the plasma membrane.

Answer 22

Endocytosis

Question 23

It’s the engulfment of large particles or cells by pseudopodia, forming a phagosome.

Answer 23

Phagocytosis

Question 24

It’s the non-specific uptake of fluids and solutes by small vesicles formed from the plasma membrane.

Answer 24

Pinocytosis

Question 25

It’s the uptake of specific molecules facilitated by receptors on the cell surface.

Answer 25

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Question 26

What is the role of endomembrane system in lipid metabolism?

Answer 26

It synthesizes and modifies lipids, stores them, and transports them within the cell.

Question 27

What happens if there is a defect in protein trafficking within the endomembrane system?

Answer 27

It can lead to misfolded proteins, cellular dysfunction, and disease.

Question 28

What are some cellular processes that rely on the endomembrane system?

Answer 28

Autophagy, vesicular transport, and membrane trafficking.