Endocrine System Flashcards
Name the main function of the endocrine system.
It secretes hormones, which then travels in blood and then bind to specific receptors on target cells.
Hormones are___.
Chemicals
What type of hormones bind to internal receptors?
Steroid (Lipid) Hormones
What type of hormones bind to external receptors?
Protein Hormones
Name two places for the internal receptors to be.
In the cytoplasm or in the nucleus.
What are genes?
They are sections of DNA coding for a protein.
Where are surface receptors?
On the cell exterior.
What happens when an hormones bind to an external (Surface) receptor?
It activates a 2nd messenger, which then changes metabolism.
What are the two types of endocrine cells?
Within endocrine organ and In non-endocrine organs.
What are the 2 important molecules involved in Love and Bonding?
Oxytocin and Dopamine
What is oxytocin?
An hormone linked with bonding.
What is dopamine?
A neurotransmitter linked with the reward pathway.
What part of the body produces oxytocin?
Hypothalamus (Which is 50% nervous and 50% endocrine)
What is a synonym of synthesized?
Produced
What part of the brain release oxytocin?
The posterior pituitary gland.
What part of the brain release dopamine?
The neurons
What is the main role of dopamine?
It reinforces the feeling.
What are some examples of non-endocrine organs?
Placenta, Heart, Stomach
What type of hormone is oxytocin?
Protein hormone
What are examples of hormones binding to surface receptors?
Insulin, Glucagon, Epinephrine
What are examples of hormones binding to internal receptors?
Estrogen, Testosterone, Glucocorticoids
What is the role of activated genes?
THey lead to the production of proteins.
What is called a cell with internal receptors?
Fat-Soluble
What is called a cell with surface receptors?
Water-Soluble
