Endocrine System

Question 1

Direct hormones?

Answer 1

stimulate organs

Question 2

Tropic hormones?

Answer 2

stimulate other glands, hormones

Question 3

How do peptides act?

Answer 3

via 2nd messengers

Question 4

How do steroids act?

Answer 4

hormone/receptor binding to DNA

Question 5

What 7 hormones come from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 5

Follicle stimulating
Luteinizing
Adrenocorticotropic
Thyroid stimulating
Prolactin
Endorphins
Growth hormone

Question 6

Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH)?

Answer 6

stimulates follicle maturation, spermatogenesis

Question 7

Luteinizing hormone (LH)?

Answer 7

stimulates ovulation, testosterone synthesis

Question 8

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

Answer 8

stimulates adrenal cortex to make and secrete glucocorticoids

Question 9

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)?

Answer 9

stimulates thyroid to produce thyroid hormones

Question 10

Prolactin?

Answer 10

stimulates milk production and secretion

Question 11

Endorpins?

Answer 11

inhibits the perception of pain in the brain

Question 12

Growth hormone (GH)?

Answer 12

stimulates bone and muscle growth/lipolysis

Question 13

What is created in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary?

Answer 13

oxytocin

ADH

Question 14

Oxytocin?

Answer 14

stimulates uterine contractions during labor, milk secretion during lactatioin

Question 15

Antidiuretic (ADH, vasopressin)?

Answer 15

stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys

Question 16

What is secreted from the thyroid?

Answer 16

Thyroid hormone

Calcitonin

Question 17

Thyroid hormone (TH, T3, T4)?

Answer 17

stimulates metabolic activity

Question 18

Calcitonin?

Answer 18

decreases blood calcium levels

Question 19

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Answer 19

increases blood calcium levels

Question 20

What is secreted from the adrenal cortex?

Answer 20

Glucocorticoids

Mineralcorticoids

Question 21

Glucocorticoids?

Answer 21

increases blood glucose levels and decreases protein synthesis, anti-inflammatory

Question 22

Mineralcorticoids?

Answer 22

increases water reabsorption in kidneys

Question 23

What is secreted by the adrenal medulla?

Answer 23

epinephrine

norepinephrine

Question 24

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine?

Answer 24

increases blood glucose levels and heart rate

Question 25

What is secreted by the pancreas?

Answer 25

Glucagon
Insulin
Somatostatin

Question 26

Glucagon?

Answer 26

stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver, increases blood glucose

Question 27

Insulin?

Answer 27

lowers blood glucose, increases glycogen stores

Question 28

Somatostatin?

Answer 28

suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin

Question 29

Testosterone?

Answer 29

maintains male secondary sex characteristics

Question 30

Estrogen?

Answer 30

maintains female sex characteristics

Question 31

Progesterone?

Answer 31

promotes growth/maintenance of endometrium

Question 32

Where is melatonin secreted?

Answer 32

pineal gland

Question 33

Melatonin?

Answer 33

regulates sleep-wake cycles

Question 34

Atrial natriuretic peptide?

Answer 34

secreted by heart, involved in osmoregulation and vasodilation

Question 35

Thymosin?

Answer 35

secreted by thymus, stimulates T-cell development, only in children

Question 36

What are the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 36

1. Follicular
2. Ovulation
3. Luteal
4. Menstruation

Question 37

Follicular phase?

Answer 37

FSH causes growth of a follicle

Question 38

Ovulation?

Answer 38

LH causes follicle to release egg

Question 39

Luteal phase?

Answer 39

corpus luteum forms

Question 40

Menstruation?

Answer 40

endometrial lining sheds