Endocrine System Flashcards
What is the endocrine system
Series of glands release hormones that regulate the activity of cells or organs
Effects of endocrine system
Much slower and longer lasting
Difference between nervous system and endocrine system
ES:
- Made up of glands
- effects on behaviour caused by hormones
- travel in blood and body fluids
- slow but long lasting
NS:
- made up of neurons
- effect on behaviour cause NT
- NT found in synapses
- quick but short lived
What controls ES
Hypothalamus (part of the brain)
Function of hypothalamus
Maintains homeostasis - responds to a variety of signals from the internal and external environment and corrects imbalances by sending signals to glands on ES
Pituitary gland
Hormone - oxytocin
Effect - reproduction, emotion, anti anxiety
Hormone - ACTH
Effect - stimulates the adrenal cortex during the stress response
Adrenal gland
Hormone - adrenaline
Effect - flight or fright
Hormone - cortisol
Effect -stress response
Pineal gland
Hormone - Melatonin
Effect - bodily rhythms such as sleep and wake
Ovaries gland
Hormone - oestrogen and progesterone
Effects - fertility, menstrual cycle
Testes gland
Hormone - testosterone
Effect - male secondary sexual characteristics
Thyroid gland
Hormone - thyroxine
Effect - regulates metabolism
describe the flight and fight response
- the amygdala sends a distress signal to the hypothalamus
- which communicates with the body through the sympathetic nervous system.
- If the situation requires a short-term response the sympathomedullary pathway (SAM pathway) is activated
- stimulates medulla secrete Noradrenaline and adrenaline
- triggering the fight or flight response.
what return body to normal resting rate after flight and fight
parasympatic nervous system
