Endocrine

Question 1

Hormone

Answer 1

Chemical messenger released by endocrine glands directly into the blood

Question 2

Merocrine Gland

Answer 2

Vesicles fuse with apical membrane to complete exocytosis
Can be regulated (secretory granules accumulate in large vesicles and released when theres a Ca2+ signal)
or Constitutive (Product not concentrated into granules - instead packages into small vesicles

Question 3

Apocrine gland

Answer 3

Partial loss of cytoplasm

Question 4

Holocrine gland

Answer 4

Complete loss of cytoplasm e.g sebaceous gland in skin

Question 5

Cytocrine gland

Answer 5

Cells released as a secretion e.g spermatids

Question 6

Gland

Answer 6

An epithelial cell or an aggregate of epithelial cells that are specialised for the secretion of a substance

Question 7

Exocrine gland

Answer 7

Secrete into a location of the body through a duct
secrete enzymes or lubricants

cells at the apex of the duct secrete products

Question 8

Endocrine gland

Answer 8

Ductless
Screte hormones directly into the blood
all cells in the gland secrete hormones

Question 9

Phagocytosis

Answer 9

When phagocytes engulf other cells or particles

Question 10

Pinocytosis

Answer 10

Liquid droplets are ingested by cells

Question 11

Glycosylation

Answer 11

The covalent attachment of sugars by enzymes to proteins and lipids to form glycoproteins/lipids
role is to: aid protein folding, and cell recognition, prevent protein and lipid degradation by enzymes