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Elizabeth Revision > Elizabeth I > Flashcards

Elizabeth I Flashcards

1
Q

Who was Elizabeth I’s mother?

A

Anne Boleyn

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2
Q

What did Elizabeth’s father Henry VIII do to her mother?

A

Have her beheaded

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3
Q

Who was Elizabeth’s older sister?

A

Mary Tudor

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4
Q

What did people question about Elizabeth?

A

Her legitimacy

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5
Q

What was the Queen’s Court?

A

A collection of people, made up of the Queen, her advisers and servants. It existed wherever the Queen was.

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6
Q

Approximately how many courtiers lived with Elizabeth and competed for power and influence?

A

500

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7
Q

What was patronage?

A

Giving loyal courtiers duties at court.

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8
Q

What is ‘divide and rule’, used by Elizabeth with her court?

A

Giving competing courtiers equally powerful jobs to cause rivalry between them so that they remained loyal to Elizabeth.

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9
Q

How were the courtiers and Queen entertained at court?

A

Lavish banquets, masques, plays and tournaments.

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10
Q

Who made up Elizabeth’s Privy Council?

A

Her most powerful advisers

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11
Q

How many members did Elizabeth’s Privy Council have?

A

19

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12
Q

Did Elizabeth keep any of Mary’s Privy Councillors?

A

Yes

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13
Q

Who were the three most important Privy Councillors?

A

William Cecil, Robert Dudley and Francis Walsingham

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14
Q

Who was THE most powerful Privy Councillor?

A

William Cecil

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15
Q

Who was Elizabeth’s ‘spy master’?

A

Sir Francis Walsingham

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16
Q

What was a Progress?

A

When the Queen and her court went to stay with powerful nobles.

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17
Q

Why would nobles want Elizabeth and her court to stay with them, even though it was very expensive?

A

It gave them access to the Queen

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18
Q

What did Elizabeth use to maintain her image?

A

Propaganda

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19
Q

What year did Elizabeth become queen?

A

1558

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20
Q

What did Elizabeth see Parliament as?

A

A necessary evil

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21
Q

How many times did Elizabeth call Parliament to meet during her 44 year rule?

A

13

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22
Q

What was Parliament’s role?

A

To pass laws and approve subsidies (grants of money to the Queen).

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23
Q

How did Elizabeth control Members of Parliament?

A

Through flattery and bullying

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24
Q

What happened to Peter Wentworth in 1576 after he demanded that MP’s should be able to talk freely in the House of Commons on all subjects including religion?

A

He was imprisoned

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25
Q

What question dominated Elizabeth’s early reign?

A

The marriage question

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26
Q

What did Parliament and her councillors want Elizabeth to use her marriage to make with a foreign power?

A

An alliance

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27
Q

Who were the 3 main suitors (possible husbands) for Elizabeth I?

A

Robert Dudley, Philip II of Spain and Francis Duke of Alencon and Anjou

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28
Q

How did Robert Dudley’s wife die?

A

In mysterious circumstances

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29
Q

Who had Philip II of Spain been married to before?

A

Her sister Mary

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30
Q

Why were there strong anti-French feelings about Francis Duke of Alencon and Anjou?

A

The Massacre of French Protestants in 1572

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31
Q

Who did Elizabeth say she was married to?

A

Her people and her country

32
Q

Why did poverty in England increase in the 1590s?

A

A series of bad harvests led to food shortages and rising prices

33
Q

What happened when Elizabeth refused to name a successor?

A

It created political insecurity

34
Q

Who failed in his attempt to seize power in 1601?

A

Earl of Essex

35
Q

Which monopoly did Elizabeth remove from the Earl of Essex after he failed to crush a rebellion in Ireland and made a truce instead.

A

Sweet wine

36
Q

Where did the Earl of Essex march on with other disgruntled courtiers, with the aim of taking Elizabeth prisoner?

A

London

37
Q

The Earl of Essex was soon arrested and executed for treason, in what year?

A

1601

38
Q

Elizabethan England was influenced by which new ideas from Europe?

A

Renaissance

39
Q

What did ‘Humanist’ scholars believe?

A

In the power of the human mind

40
Q

Which subject flourished during Elizabethan England?

A

Science

41
Q

What invention meant that ideas could spread more quickly?

A

The Printing Press

42
Q

Who were becoming more rich and powerful?

A

The gentry

43
Q

What did Elizabeth fear about the old nobility?

A

They were too powerful

44
Q

Many of which social class grew richer from trade, exploration, rising population and rising prices?

A

Gentry

45
Q

Which renaissance idea particularly influenced the design of new buildings like Hardwick Hall?

A

The use of symmetry

46
Q

What was the name for the period that included manor houses being built with fashionable features such as intricate chimneys, oak panelling, plasterwork ceilings and a lot of glass, which was very expensive.

A

The Great Rebuilding

47
Q

How were portraits of Elizabeth used as propaganda?

A

They showed a young and commanding Queen and they were full of symbols associated with purity and power.

48
Q

How did the government control what was published by printing presses?

A

They licensed them

49
Q

What was the theme of the best selling book, ‘Foxe’s Book of Martyrs?

A

It supported the idea that Elizabeth had rescued England from Catholic threats

50
Q

Who was the greatest English playwright in the Elizabethan era?

A

Shakespeare

51
Q

The government feared the wandering bands of actors, who had been popular since medieval times, who they saw as a threat to law and order. So in 1572 they required actors to be what?

A

Licensed

52
Q

Which theatre did Shakespeare make his name in?

A

The Globe

53
Q

Themes of Elizabethan plays reflected Elizabethan interests, which were:

A

Romance, magic and history

54
Q

Did the Queen ever go to the theatre?

A

No

55
Q

Which two groups did London theatres face opposition from?

A

London authorities and Puritans

56
Q

What were the London authorities concerned about theatres like the Globe, which were outside the city walls?

A

Crime and spreading of the plague

57
Q

Who did the London authorities write to to ask for the closure of the theatres?

A

The Privy Council

58
Q

What did Puritans believe the theatre encouraged?

A

Sinful behaviour, particularly sex outside of marriage

59
Q

What was the name of the poor section of the population which did not own land or have a trade or a business?

A

Labouring poor

60
Q

Which area of the country was the poorest in Elizabethan times?

A

North-west

61
Q

What percentage did the population grow by from 1550 to 1600?

A

43%

62
Q

Which places were closed by Henry VIII that used to help the poor and needy?

A

Monasteries

63
Q

What name were the idle or undeserving poor regularly given in Elizabethan times?

A

Vagrants

64
Q

Who were seen as a threat to social order and were also blamed for spreading the plague?

A

Vagrants

65
Q

In Norwich, work was provided for the unemployed where?

A

In a workhouse

66
Q

What year were the Elizabethan Poor Laws brought together?

A

1601

67
Q

What were privateers?

A

Licensed by the government to attack Spanish ships and bring goods back to England

68
Q

Who was the first explorer to sail around the world?

A

Sir Francis Drake

69
Q

Which explorer made journeys to the Caribbean and traded slaves captured in West Africa?

A

John Hawkins

70
Q

How were Francis Drake and John Hawkins related?

A

Cousins

71
Q

How much treasure did Drake return with from his voyages?

A

£200 million in today’s money

72
Q

What was the name of Sir Francis Drake’s flagship?

A

The Golden Hind

73
Q

Who was granted a patent by Queen Elizabeth to set up a colony in America?

A

Sir Walter Raleigh

74
Q

What name did Raleigh give to the area of north America which he claimed for the Queen?

A

Virginia

75
Q

Did Raleigh’s attempt at a colony succeed?

A

No

76
Q

Where was the first successful English colony established just 4 years after Elizabeth’s death?

A

Jamestown

77
Q

Which company, set up in 1601, brought silk, spices, cotton and tea from the Far East?

A

The East India Company

Elizabeth Revision (2 decks)

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