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Engineering > Electronics > Flashcards

Electronics Flashcards

1
Q

What does PCB stand for?

A

Printed circuit board

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2
Q

What does an electrical conductor do?

A

An electrical conductor allows electricity to flow through it easily.

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3
Q

What is the main element used for making semiconductors?

A

Silicon.

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4
Q

A common operational amplifier is the:

A

741 Op-Amp.

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5
Q

What is a material that can exhibit both insulating and conducting properties?

A

Semiconductor.

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6
Q

An insulator has what sort of value?

A

An insulator has a high resistivity value.

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7
Q

When describing integrated circuits, what do the initials DIL stand for?

A

DIL stands for Dual In Line - referring to the two rows of connections on either side of the chip.

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8
Q

What does IC stand for?

A

Integrated circuit

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9
Q

On a diode, what would be indicated by a silver band at one end?

A

On a diode, the cathode is indicated by a silver band on one end.

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10
Q

What does LED stand for?

A

light-emitting diode.

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11
Q

What does a resistor do?

A

Resistors restrict or limit the flow of current in a circuit. The ability of a material or component to resist current flow is measured in ohms.

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12
Q

How many main types of resistor are there?

A

There are three main types of resistor:

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13
Q

Can you name the three main types of resistor?

A

Fixed, variable and specials like LDR, THERMISTOR

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14
Q

What does LDR stand for?

A

Light Dependent Resistor

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15
Q

What is a 555n?

A

a timing IC

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16
Q

What are the two main types of circuit a 555 are used for?

A

Monostable and Astable

17
Q

What does Monostable mean?

A

it will only switch once as in MONO

18
Q

What does Astable mean?

A

I switches constantly from one state to another. From off to on back to off. (it does not have A STABLE state)

19
Q

What is a Light-dependent resistors (LDRs)

A

Light-dependent resistors (LDRs) change resistance as light levels change. The light levels are detected by a photo-sensitive plate on the resistor. Most LDRs have a negative light coefficient, meaning that their resistance falls as the amount of light falling on them increases. LDRs are used in light-detection circuit

20
Q

What is a Thermistor?

A

Thermistors change resistance as temperatures change. Most thermistors have a negative temperature coefficient, meaning their resistance falls as temperature increases. Thermistors are used in temperature-sensing circuits.

21
Q

What is a Potential divider?

A

Potential dividers divide up the voltage within a circuit, so that parts of a circuit only receive the voltage they require. Potential dividers usually consist of two or more resistors arranged in series across a power supply.

22
Q

Why would you expect to see a potential divider in a sensing circuit?

A

Potential dividers form an important part of sensor circuits. For example, an LDR or thermistor can be used to control the input voltage to an op-amp or IC

23
Q

What is a Capacitor?

A

A capacitor is a discrete component that can store an electrical charge. The larger the capacitance the more charge it can store.

24
Q

What is the unit of measurement for a Capacitor?

A

The unit of measurement of capacitance is the farad.

25
Q

What are the two types of Capacitor?

A

polarised or electrolytic capacitors

non-polarised or non-electrolytic capacitors

26
Q

what is a Diode?

A

A diode is a discrete component that allows current to flow in one direction only. It is a polarised component with two leads, called the cathode and the anode. The cathode is normally marked with a silver or coloured band or the symbol

27
Q

What is the main purpose of a diode?

A

Diodes are normally used to prevent damage to other polarised components in circuits: eg a diode can protect against current flowing the wrong way if the battery is put in back to front.

28
Q

what is EMF?

A

This is a momentary change in the direction of the flow of electricity when components such as motors, solenoids or relays are switched off. The diode is connected in parallel to the component, which generates the back EMF in reverse bias to the ‘normal’ direction of flow of electricity in the circuit.

29
Q

what converts electricity into rotary movement?

A

a motor

30
Q

What converts electricity into linear movement?

A

a solenoid

Engineering (9 decks)

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