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Everything > Electricity, Electronics, and Power > Flashcards

Electricity, Electronics, and Power Flashcards

1
Q

The process of splitting a neutron into 2 nuclei is known as:

A

Fission

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2
Q

Where does fission occur?

A

Nuclear Power generation, and Nuclear Weapons

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3
Q

What device steps up or down voltage levels in electrical systems

A

Transformer

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4
Q

Maintain a consistent voltage level in electronics.

A

Voltage Regulator

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5
Q

An electrically operated switch that uses an electromagnet to mechanically open or close a set of switches

A

Relay

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6
Q

What is the most commonly used conductor in electronic applications

A

Copper

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7
Q

What does being a good conductor mean?

A

Electric current can flow through it with minimal resistance.

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8
Q

A component that limits the flow of current in a circuit

A

resistor

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9
Q

A semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction only. Its commonly used in rectification, voltage regulation and signal modulation.

A

Diode

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10
Q

An electronic device that converts alternating current into direct current. Commonly used to convert AC power from the grid to DC power that can be used to power electronic devices, charge batteries, etc.

A

Rectifier

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11
Q

Materials that do not conduct electricity well. This material impedes the flow of electric charges.

A

Insulator

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12
Q

Name some good insulators

A

Rubber, Plastic, Wood, Glass

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13
Q

These can conduct electricity under certain conditions and insulate under others. They are the heart of modern technology due to their ability to control and manipulate electrical currents.

A

Semiconductor

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14
Q

What does PLC stand for?

A

Programmable Logic Controller

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15
Q

PLC’s interface with the external world through _______ Modules. These connect to sensors and actuators allowing the PLC to receive control from the process and send signals to the equipment

A

I/O Modules (Input/Output Modules)

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16
Q

A mini electronic circuit that consists of various electronic components such as transistors, capacitors, resistors, etc. all placed on a single semiconductor wafer or substrate

A

Microchip

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17
Q

What does Moore’s law state?

A

The number of transistors on a microchip will double every 2 years leading to an exponential increase in computational power. In simple terms, the performance of computer hardware will double every 2 years.

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18
Q

An intermediate point between the power generation source and the end user where power can be transformer, controlled and distributed.

A

Substation

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19
Q

Protective devices that can that can interrupt the flow of electricity in the case of a fault

A

Circuit Breaker

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20
Q

How and where does electricity enter your house

A

Via a conduit pipe and through the breaker box

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21
Q

What is the voltage coming out of a standard outlet

A

120V

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22
Q

What does the wiring behind each outlet connect to

A

Breaker box

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23
Q

For outlets with 3 slots, what are the 3 separate wire names for each slot

A

Hot wire, Neutral wire, Ground wire

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24
Q

What wire do 3 slot outlets have that 2 slot outlets don’t

A

Ground wire

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25
Q

What are the 2 types of ground connections

A

Earth ground, equipment ground. Earth ground connects directly to the earth via a metal pole in the ground. Equipment ground is connected to the metal chassis or casing of the equipment

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26
Q

What is the typical voltage in an outlet that hooks up a dryer, air conditioner, etc.

A

240 volts

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27
Q

What type of outlets are used in industrial settings or for heavy machinery?

A

3-Phase outlet

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28
Q

Name 5 things that have a motor

A

Dishwasher, wash machine, dryer, Fans, benders, air conditioners, blenders, treadmills, etc

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29
Q

What is a device that is designed to move fluids (liquid or gases) from one place to another

A

Pump

30
Q

Name 3 applications where a pump is used

A

Water supply and waste water management, transportation of oil and gas, crop irrigation, shower, fire sprinkler systems, HVAC, extract ground water from wells

31
Q

Name different power source options that can be used for a pump

A

Electric motor, internal combustion engine, hydraulic systems

32
Q

Pumps work by creating ______ differentials in a fluid. Fluid travels from an area of higher _______ to lower ______

A

Pressure

33
Q

What principle explains the concept of how pumps work.

A

Bernoulli’s principle

34
Q

Give me the very basic concept of how electric motors work

A

A power source (battery or electrical outlet) creates a current. The current travels through the stator wihch generates the magnetic field. The rotor (which contains coils) produces its own magnetic field from the coils. The interaction of the magnetic fields cause the rotor to rotate. Think of magnets. AS the rotor rotates it drives the mechanical load it is connected to, converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.

35
Q

What are the 2 main parts of the electric motor

A

Rotor and stator

36
Q

What is ohms law

A

v = ir

37
Q

What is resistance measured in

A

ohms

38
Q

What does Kirchoffs current law and Kirchoffs voltage law state

A

KCL = the total current entering a node is equal to the total current leaving a node

KVL = The sum of the voltages around any closed loop in a circuit is equal to zero.

39
Q

A machine that turns mechanical power into electrical power creating a current output that can be used to supply current to various devices and systems

A

Generator

40
Q

A machine that takes in gas or air and squeezes it, increasing its pressure.

A

Compressor

41
Q

What measures your water consumption as it enters your house

A

Water meter

42
Q

What are the 3 main systems of pipes in your house?

A

The water supply system
The waste system
The vent system

43
Q

What is the first step you should do when working on any electric circuits

A

Disconnect the power max. Turn of the circuits breaker at the service box

44
Q

What unit is electrical power measured in

A

Watts

45
Q

What device measures the amount of power your home uses

A

Utility meter

46
Q

Another name for an outlet is

A

Receptacle

47
Q

At what temperature does water boil

A

212 F

48
Q

How often do you need to replace your air filter

A

Every 3-6 months depending on the type of filter

49
Q

Internal combustion engines release what gas that is harmful to humans

A

Carbon monoxide

50
Q

What are the main greenhouse gases

A

Carbon monoxide
Methane

51
Q

The process of injecting liquid at high pressure into subterranean rocks to extract oil and gas

A

Fracking

52
Q

What is a mechanical device that converts energy from a fluid (water, steam, air, hot gases) into rotational mechanical energy?

A

Turbine

53
Q

Name some different types of turbines for generating electricity

A

Steam Turbines, Gas Turbines, Hydraulic Turbines, Wind Turbines

54
Q

What is the most commonly used turbine in power plants?

A

Steam Turbine

55
Q

What is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy

A

Generator

56
Q

What device allows for WIFI, phone calls, television broadcasting, radio broadcasting, global navigation, mobile communication, etc.?

A

Satellites

57
Q

How do satellites work?

A

They are launched into orbit around earth and have transmitters and receivers. The transmitter sends signals to earth and the receiver receives signals from earth

58
Q

Name the 3 fossil fuels

A

Coal, Oil, Natural Gas

59
Q

What is natural gas mainly composed of

A

Methane (CH4)

60
Q

The combustion of fossil fuels released what into the atmosphere

A

Carbon and other greenhouse gases

61
Q

Which fossil fuel is primarily used to power cars

A

Gasoline is a derivation of crude oil (Petroleum)

62
Q

Which fossil fuels are primarily used to generate electricity

A

Natual gas and coal. Mainly natural gas

63
Q

Name the 3 main types of powerplants

A
  1. Fossil fuel power plants (Natural Gas and Coal)
  2. Nuclear Power plants
  3. Renewable energy power plants
64
Q

Name different types of renewable energy

A

Solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, biomass, ocean energy,

65
Q

______ technology involves the use of thin glass strands or plastic to transmit data using light signals. These are known for their high speed, high-capacity, and long distance data transmission capabilities

A

Fiber Optic

66
Q

If you do not have a fiber line in your area, you likely have?

A

Cable Internet or high speed DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)

67
Q

Name 3 different options for heating your home?

A

Gas Furnace, Boiler, electric furnace, wood burning or pellet stove, propane furnace

68
Q

What does a boiler use to heat your home

A

Water or steam. Natural gas, propane or electric used to power

69
Q

What would be the main reason you would use propane over natural gas to heat your home

A

Your home is not close to a natural gas pipeline. Propane is stored in tanks that is easily transportable and accessible

70
Q

Name 3 common TV brands

A

Samsung, LTE, Sony

71
Q

Name 4 cell phone providers

A

Verizon, AT&T, T-Mobile, Sprint

72
Q

What does grounding do. What is its purpose?

A

To provide a safe pathway for electrical current to travel in the case of a short circuit or other malfunction. Grounding closes the loop so current can continue to travel and prevent an arc.

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