EKG VI Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards

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1
Q

Ventricular arrhythmias occur from the…

A

….AV node down

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2
Q

Premature ventricular contraction (PVC)

A

-premature contraction caused by ectopic cardiac pacemaker/stimulus in ventricle, creates an abnormal QRS complex associated with a compensatory pause, common in 75% of people,

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3
Q

2 things that can cause a wide QRS

A

bundle branch block or PVC

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4
Q

PVC causes (4)

A
  • enhanced automaticity
  • sympathetic stimulation
  • drug toxicity
  • structural heart disease
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5
Q

If PVC’s go away during exercise they are typically…

A

…benign

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6
Q

PVC’s have a ____ compensatory pause

A

Full

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7
Q

ventricular tachycardia

A

3 or more successive PVC’s, nonsustained is less than 30 sec and sustained is more, rate >100bpm usually regular rhythm, may or may not see P waves

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8
Q

Ventricular tachycardia causes (3)

A

-ischemic heart disease, electrolyte abnormalities, reentry

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9
Q

Torsades de pointes

A

Form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia assoc with prolonged QT interval >500ms, changes in amplitude and morehphology of QRS around isoelectric line, causes of prolonged QT interval can be congenital or acquired

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10
Q

Any patient with a syncopal episode needs a…

A

….cardiac treatment plan

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11
Q

Congenital QT syndrome

A

Channelopathy caused by genetic mutation of cardiac K or Na level, usually autosomal dominant, 1 in 2500 people, cause of 20% of all cardiac deaths

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12
Q

Things that can contribute to long QT syndrome

A
  • antiarrhythmics
  • antimicrobials
  • antidepressants
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13
Q

Ventricular fib requires…

A

…electric shock

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14
Q

Brugada syndrome

A

Congenital channelopathy caused by mutation of cardiac Na+, K+ or Ca2+ , ST segment elevation in one of the right precordial leads (V1-V3) at baseline or after use of Na+ blockers, 3 subtypes

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15
Q

Commotio cordis

A

Ventricular fib caused by blunt, non-penetrating blow to chest during vulnerable portion of ventricular repolarization, more common in children and adolescents, more common with moderate to high velocity strike usually projectile right during a T wave

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16
Q

Ventricular flutter

A

Ventricular tachyarrhythmia 250-350 bpm, rapidly deteriorates into ventricular fib

17
Q

Survival rates after cardiac arrest decrease ____ with every minute defibrillation is delayed

A

7-10%