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Clin Med > EKG Identifiers/ Normals > Flashcards

EKG Identifiers/ Normals Flashcards

1
Q

one small box

A

0.04 sec

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2
Q

What artery affected by lateral MI

A

left circumflex

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3
Q

EKG finding of PE (but not diagnostic)

A

S1Q3T3

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4
Q

lead II

A

right arm (-) to left leg (+)

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5
Q

atrial rate

A

60-80

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6
Q

prolonged QT associated w/ risk of torsades

A

QT > 500 msec

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7
Q
  • QRS >0.1 and <0.12
A

IVCD

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8
Q

Mobitz II second degree block

A
  • lone P waves without QRS complexes
  • symptomatic, likely needs pacemaker
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9
Q

What artery affected by posterior MI

A

RCA

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10
Q

EKG findings of hypokalemia

A
  • T waves flattening/inversion
  • U wave
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11
Q
  • right axis deviation
  • normal or slightly widened QRS
  • S wave in lead I
  • Q wave in lead II, III, AVF
  • R waves in I and AVL
A

left posterior hemiblock

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12
Q

normal

A

lead I: positive lead AVF: positive

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13
Q

a fib

A
  • irregularly irregular rhythm
  • ventricular rate can vary but is often fast
  • atrial rate 350-450
  • no discernable P waves
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14
Q
  • irregular rhythm
  • P for every QRS
  • at least 3 different P waves
A

wandering atrial pacemaker

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15
Q

identifying feature of junctional escape rhythm

A

retrograde P waves

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16
Q

tachy-brady syndrome

A

alternating tachy and brady

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17
Q
  • irregular rhythm
  • P for every QRS
  • at least 3 different P waves
  • tachy
A

MAT

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18
Q

SVT

A
  • regular tachyarrythmia
  • usually narrow QRS but can have aberrancy
  • can be hard to see P waves
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19
Q

v fib

A
  • fine or coarse fibrillary waves
  • no discernable P waves or QRS complexes
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20
Q

Inferior lead group

A

II, III, aVF

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21
Q

left posterior hemiblock

A
  • right axis deviation
  • normal or slightly widened QRS
  • Q wave in lead II, III, AVF
  • R waves in I and AVL
  • S wave in lead I
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22
Q

sick sinus syndrome

A
  • SA node dysfunction assoc w/ unresponsive supraventricular automaticity foci
  • no escape beats
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23
Q

Lateral lead group

A

I, aVL, V5, V6

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24
Q
  • no P wave seen (could be retrograde P)
  • QRS narrow or wide
A

PJC

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25
Q

Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

A
  • Depth S wave in V1 + Height R wave in V5 or V6 = > 35 mm

or

  • R wave in aVL > 11 mm
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26
Q

EKG finding of hypercalcemia

A
  • short QT interval
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27
Q

LAD

A

lead I: positive lead AVF: negative

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28
Q

Long QT

A

exceeds 1/2 the cardiac cycle (>1/2 the R to R interval)

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29
Q

augmented limb leads

A

AVF, AVL, AVR

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30
Q

wandering atrial pacemaker

A
  • irregular rhythm
  • P for every QRS
  • at least 3 different P waves
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31
Q

RIght ventricular hypertrophy

A
  • large R wave in V1
  • R wavegets progressively smaller in V1-V6
  • S wave persists in V5 and V6
  • RAD
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32
Q

AVF

A

left foot positive

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33
Q

1st degree AV block

A
  • prolonged AV node conduction
  • PR interval >0.2 sec
  • PR interval consistently lengthened each cycle
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34
Q

RAD

A

lead I: negative lead AVF: positive

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35
Q

EKG findings of hyperkalemia

A
  • peaked T waves - widened QRS - +/- wide, flat P waves
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36
Q

ventricular rate

A

20-40

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37
Q
  • left axis deviation
  • Q waves in I and AVL
  • normal or slightly widened QRS
  • Small R waves in II, III, AVF
A

left anterior hemiblock

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38
Q

What artery affected by anterior MI

A

LAD

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39
Q
  • prolonged AV node conduction
  • PR interval >0.2 sec
  • PR interval consistently lengthened each cycle
A

1st degree AV block

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40
Q

PVC

A
  • no P wave
  • Wide QRS
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41
Q

Normal QRS interval

A
  • 0.06-0.1 sec
  • 1/2 large box
  • 3 small boxes
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42
Q
  • irregularly irregular rhythm
  • ventricular rate can vary but is often fast
  • atrial rate 350-450
  • no discernable P waves
A

a fib

43
Q

EKG findings of cor pulmonale

A
  • Transient or new RBBB
  • Large S wave in lead I
  • RAD
44
Q

Right bundle branch block

A
  • upward deflection in V1 and V2 with RSR’
  • S wave in lead 1 and V6
  • QRS > 0.12
45
Q
  • regular tachyarrythmia
  • usually narrow QRS but can have aberrancy
  • can be hard to see P waves
A

SVT

46
Q

lead III

A

left arm (-) to left leg (+)

47
Q

MAT

A
  • irregular rhythm
  • P for every QRS
  • at least 3 different P waves
  • tachy
48
Q

alternating tachy and brady

A

tachy-brady syndrome

49
Q
  • lone P waves without QRS complexes
  • symptomatic, likely needs pacemaker
A

Mobitz II second degree block

50
Q

Anterior lead group

A

V1-V4

51
Q

Left atrial abnormality

A
  • Biphasic P wave in V1 with terminal portion being large and wide
  • P wave greater than one box deep and one box wide
  • P wave greater than 3 small boxes in leads I or II
  • M shape to P wave in lead II
52
Q

QT > 500 msec

A

prolonged QT associated w/ risk of torsades

53
Q

Posterior lead group

A

V1, V2 (ST depression, big R waves)

54
Q

one big box

A

0.2 sec

55
Q

V tach

A

3 or more PVCs in a row

56
Q

AVL

A

left arm positive

57
Q

lead I: negative lead AVF: negative

A

extreme RAD

58
Q
  • low K+
  • med induced
  • long QT syndrome
A

etiologies of torsades de pointes

59
Q

Digitalis/Digoxin effect

A
  • gradual downward curve of ST segment
60
Q
  • atrial rate 250-350 bpm
  • ventricular rate usually 150
  • saw tooth/flutter pattern
A

a flutter

61
Q

EKG findings of Wolff-Parkinson White

A
  • delta wave
  • short PR
  • widened QRS
62
Q

Left bundle branch block

A
  • negative deflection of QRS in V1
  • positive terminal forces in QRS in lead I
  • QRS > 0.12 seconds
  • RSR’ in V5 and/or V6
63
Q
  • negative deflection of QRS in V1
  • positive terminal forces in QRS in lead I
  • QRS > 0.12 seconds
  • RSR’ in V5 and/or V6
A

Left bundle branch block

64
Q

3 or more PVCs in a row

A

V tach

65
Q
  • no P wave
  • Wide QRS
A

PVC

66
Q

AIVR

A
  • no P waves
  • regular
  • normal rhythm
  • rhythm of reperfusion
67
Q

most common SVT

A

AVNRT

68
Q

> 460 msec

A

prolonged QT interval women

69
Q

junctional rate

A

40-60

70
Q

IVCD

A
  • QRS >0.1 and <0.12
71
Q

EKG finding of hypocalcemia

A
  • prolonged QT interval
72
Q

a flutter

A
  • atrial rate 250-350 bpm
  • ventricular rate usually 150
  • saw tooth/flutter pattern
73
Q

etiologies of torsades de pointes

A
  • low K+
  • med induced
  • long QT syndrome
74
Q

PJC

A
  • no P wave seen (could be retrograde P)
  • QRS narrow or wide
75
Q
  • no P waves
  • regular
  • normal rhythm
  • rhythm of reperfusion
A

AIVR

76
Q

> 440 msec

A

prolonged QT interval men

77
Q
  • early beat from atria
  • narrow complex
  • always has P wave
A

PAC

78
Q

AVR

A

right arm positive

79
Q

LVH Strain pattern

A
  • Assymetric T wave inversion
80
Q

Normal PR interval

A
  • 0.12-0.2 sec
  • 1 large box
  • 5 small boxes
81
Q
  • QRS lands on T wave of previous complex
  • type of polymorphic v tach
A

torsades de pointes

82
Q

prolonged QT interval women

A

> 460 msec

83
Q
  • regular rhythm
  • rate 150-250
  • wide QRS > .12 sec
A

v tach

84
Q

prolonged QT interval men

A

> 440 msec

85
Q

3rd degree (complete) heart block

A
  • AV dissociation
  • escape rhythm, regular and pacing at inherent rate
  • P waves don’t match QRS
86
Q

lead I: negative lead AVF: positive

A

RAD

87
Q
  • fine or coarse fibrillary waves
  • no discernable P waves or QRS complexes
A

v fib

88
Q

lead I: positive lead AVF: positive

A

normal

89
Q
  • PR interval gradually lengthens until one of the P waves fails to conduct to ventricles
  • usually asx, not requiring pacemaker
A

Mobitz 1 second degree block

90
Q

left anterior hemiblock

A
  • left axis deviation
  • Q waves in I and AVL
  • normal or slightly widened QRS
  • Small R waves in II, III, AVF
91
Q
  • upward deflection in V1 and V2 with RSR’
  • S wave in lead 1 and V6
  • QRS > 0.12
A

Right bundle branch block

92
Q

Mobitz 1 second degree block

A
  • PR interval gradually lengthens until one of the P waves fails to conduct to ventricles
  • usually asx, not requiring pacemaker
93
Q

lead I

A

right arm (-) to left arm (+)

94
Q
  • AV dissociation
  • escape rhythm, regular and pacing at inherent rate
  • P waves don’t match QRS
A

3rd degree (complete) heart block

95
Q
  • SA node dysfunction assoc w/ unresponsive supraventricular automaticity foci
  • no escape beats
A

sick sinus syndrome

96
Q

torsades de pointes

A
  • QRS lands on T wave of previous complex
  • type of polymorphic v tach
97
Q

limb leads

A

I, II, III

98
Q

PAC

A
  • early beat from atria
  • narrow complex
  • always has P wave
99
Q

Right atrial abnormality

A
  • biphasic P wave in V1 with inital component being larger
  • P wave > 2.5 mm in lead II
100
Q

lead I: positive lead AVF: negative

A

LAD

101
Q

extreme RAD

A

lead I: negative lead AVF: negative

102
Q

What artery affected by inferior MI

A

RCA

103
Q

v tach

A
  • regular rhythm
  • rate 150-250
  • wide QRS > .12 sec

Clin Med (4 decks)

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