Earthquakes Flashcards

1
Q

What is an earthquake

A

Sudden shaking of the crust

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2
Q

What is the common cause of earthquakes

A

Breakage and displacement of rock, often along a known fault

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3
Q

Where are earthquakes most common

A

Near plate boundaries

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4
Q

Earthquakes can also cause what other type of natural disaster

A

Tsunami

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5
Q

Briefly explain the Elastic Rebound Theory that helps explain earthquakes

A

Energy is stored in the form of elastically deformed rock. When the strain exceeds the strength of the rock it breaks and the energy is released.

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6
Q

What is focus and what is epicenter, and explain the difference

A

Focus is where the actual earthquake happened and epicentre is the spot closest to the focus on the surface

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7
Q

What kind of boundaries are earthquakes common

A

All (divergent, convergent, and transform)

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8
Q

What are intraplate earthquakes

A

Tend to occur in soft, weak areas of plate interiors, caused by stresses transmitted from plate boundaries and are poorly understood

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9
Q

What is the Wadati-Benioff Zone

A

Occurs along a convergent boundary where one plate is subducting below another, see slide 17

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10
Q

What are magnitude and intensity, and explain their difference

A

Magnitude measures the size of the earthquake, intensity measures the damage caused by an earthquake. So you can have an earthquake with a magnitude of 10 but an intensity of 1

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11
Q

Look at slide 21-25 to see more on seismic waves

A

.

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