Dyslipidemias Flashcards
Defect: LPL
High chylomicrons
Markedly high trigs
Sample: floating cream layer over clear serum
Type 1: Familial hyperchylomicronemia
Defect: LDLr (ApoB receptor)
High LDL
High chol (>800)
Sample: clear serum
Type 2a: Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Defect: deficient LDLr and HDL
High LDL and VLDL
High chol and trig
Sample: varies clear or lipemic depending on [trig]
Type 2b: Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
Defect: ApoE
High IDL and chylo remnants, low LDL and HDL
Palmar xanthomas
Sample: lipemic
Type 3: Familial Dysbetalipoproteinemia
Defect: VLDL high production or low clearance
markedly low HDL
high trig
Sample: varies clear or lipemic depending on [trig]
Type 4: Familial Hypertriglyceridemia
Defect: trig lipoprotein production and removal
High chylo and VLDL
High chol and trig
Sample: floating cream layer over clear serum
Type 5: Familial Mixed Hypertriglyceridemia
Defect: low production or increase of catabolism of HDL or ApoA1
Low HDL
High trig
Corneal Clouding
Familial Hypoalphalipoproteinemia
HDL Absent
Very Low ApoA1 and A2
Chol accumulation
Peripheral never damage and hyperplastic orange tonsils
Tangier’s Disease
Autosomal recessive Inability to absorb fats Very low ApoB48 and ApoB100 Low to no LDL and chylos HDL present and total chol is 50 mg Anemia and acanthocytes
Abetalipoproteinemia
Autosomal codominant Inability to absorb and transport fats Low ApoB100 Low LDL, normal HDL Low chol, high trig Fatty liver
Hypobetalipoproteinemia
Markedly high HDL and ApoA1
CETP mutation
Hyperalphaproteinemia
Causes: sedentary lifestyle with excess dietary intake of saturated fats, chol, and trans fatty acids
Hypertriglyceridemia with: DM, chronic renal failure, hypothyroidism, alcohol excess, beta blockers, glucocorticoids
Hypercholesterolemia with: Hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, obstructive liver disease, glucocorticoids
Secondary Hyperlipidemia
