DVT Flashcards
1
Q
Virchow’s triad
A
- stasis
- prothrombotic state
- vessel wall damage
2
Q
Predisposing factors for DVT
A
- age >40 years
- trauma or major surgery
- pregnancy or oestrogens
- previous DVT/PE
- malignancy
- thrombophilia
- prolonged immobilization
3
Q
DVT prophylaxis
A
- elastic stockings
- pneumatic calf compression
- early mobilization
- Heparin 5000U SC 12 hrly
4
Q
Investigation of DVT
A
- positive D-dimer
- compression ultrasound
- ascending venograph
5
Q
Treatment of a DVT
A
- IV fluid resuscitation
- anticoagulation for 3-6 months
- Trendelenberg position, ambulation and continuous elastic stockings
- avoid sitting or standing
6
Q
When is surgery indicated for a DVT
A
- phlegmasia cerulea dolens
- proximal DVT
7
Q
Investigations for a PE
A
- ECG to exclude MI
- ABG
- CXR
- ventilation/ perfusion scan
- spiral CT
8
Q
Treatment of PE
A
- supplemental O2
- anticoagulation for 6-12 months
- caval filter
Massive PE - IV fluid resuscitation and inotropes
- transvenous catheter embolectomy
- pulmonary embolectomy
