Drugs list Block 12

Question 1

Azathioprine

Answer 1

Inhibits purine synthesis so inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis to inhibit cell proliferation.
Antagonist of purine metabolism
Treats autoimmune diseases

Question 2

Diclofenac

Answer 2

Inhibits COX enzymes
NSAID
Analgesia

Question 3

Celecoxib

Answer 3

Only targets COX2 so inhibits inflammatory mediators

Rheumatoid and osteoarthritis

Question 4

Cyclosporine

Answer 4

Inhibits calcineurin so inhibits IL-2 release
Immunosuppressant
Autoimmune disease

Question 5

Vitamin D

Answer 5

Gets activated in liver and kidney to 1,25,dihydroxyvitaminD needed with calcium to help bone calcification
Osteoporosis

Question 6

Aurothiomalate

Answer 6

Unknown mechanism
Replaced by DMARDs
Gold based anti inflammatory
Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 7

Chloroquine

Answer 7

Inhibits haem polymerase in parasite
Also inhibits TNF alpha to be anti-inflammatory
Malaria
Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 8

Sulfasalazine

Answer 8

Unknown action but anti inflammatory and immunosuppressant
DMARD
Aminosalicylate
Ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis

Question 9

Calcitonin

Answer 9

Increase bone mass
Antagonises parathyroid hormone
Osteoporosis

Question 10

Prednisolone

Answer 10

Reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines and thromboxane 2 and arachidonic acid inhibited
Glucocorticoid
Autoimmune disease treatment

Question 11

Raloxifene

Answer 11

Produces oestrogen like effects on bone to increase bone density.
Also inhibits oestrogen effect on breast and uterus
SERM
Osteoporosis

Question 12

Alendronic acid

Answer 12

Decrease osteoclast activity to reduce bone resorption
Bisphosphonate
Osteoporosis

Question 13

Digoxin

Answer 13

Inhibits Na/K atpase to increase intracellular sodium so then Na-Ca exchanger has to do more so more calcium inside- stronger contraction
Cardiac glycoside
AF

Question 14

Betaxolol

Answer 14

Beta 1 blocker
Reduces heart rate, cardiac output and blood pressure
IHD, Hypertension, Anxiety

Question 15

Diazepam

Answer 15

Increase GABA activity
Benzodiazepine
Muscle relaxant
Anxiety 
Used for status epilepticus

Question 16

Propofol

Answer 16

IV anaesethic agent
Increase GABA binding through GABA A receptors
General anaesethic

Question 17

Lamotrigine

Answer 17

Inhibits Na channels
anticonvulsant
Epilepsy- not absence seizures

Question 18

Carbmazepine

Answer 18

Na channel blocker
anticonvulsant
Epilepsy- not absence seizures

Question 19

Ethosuximide

Answer 19

For absence seizures

Question 20

Phenytoin

Answer 20

Na channel blocker
Anticonvulsant for epilepsy
No sedation

Question 21

Donepezil

Answer 21

ACHe inhibitor specific for brain

Dementia treatment

Question 22

Suxamethonium

Answer 22

Mimics Ach at NMJ but hydrolysed slower so causes muscle relaxation
Nicotinic cholinergic receptor antagonist
Used in surgery as a muscle relaxant

Question 23

Levodopa

Answer 23

Precursor of dopamine

Parkinsons disease

Question 24

Bromocriptine

Answer 24

Stimulates D2 receptors to improve muscle activity and coordination
Dopamine agonist
Parkinsons
Pulmonary Fibrosis

Question 25

Gabapentin

Answer 25

Increase GABA activity
Anticonvulsant
Epilepsy
Neuropathic pain

Question 26

Selegilline

Answer 26

Inhibits MAOB .which breaks down dopamine, to increase dopamine level
Monoamine oxide B inhibitor
Parkinsons
Depression

Question 27

Isoflurane

Answer 27

Induces reduction in junctional conductance by decreasing gap junction channel opening
Neuronal ion channel modulator
General anaesethic

Question 28

Atracurium

Answer 28

Ach antagonist
Cholinergic receptor antagonist
Muscle relaxant

Question 29

Memantine

Answer 29

Blocks NMDA to help counter high levels of glutamate in dementia patients
NMDA receptor antagonist
Dementia