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USMLE > Drugs - Immunology > Flashcards

Drugs - Immunology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

cyclosporine

A

MOA: immunosuppressant; calcineurin inhibitor that prevents IL-2 transcription and T cell activation

Use: used to prevent transplant rejection and to treat rheumatoid arthritis

Adverse effects: causes nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, HTN

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2
Q

tacrolimus

A

MOA: immunosuppressant; calcineurin inhibitor; blocks T cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription

Use: used to prevent transplant rejection

Adverse effects: nephrotoxic and neurotoxic, increases risk of diabetes

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3
Q

siroliumus

A

MOA: immunosuppressant; mTOR inhibitor; blocks T and B cell differentiation by preventing response to IL-2

Use: used in kidney transplant to prevent rejection because not nephrotoxic

Adverse effects: anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia

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4
Q

daclizumab and basiliximab

A

MOA: immunosuppressants; monoclonals against IL-2

Use: kidney transplant rejection prevention

Adverse effects: edema, HTN, tremor

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5
Q

azathioprine

A

MOA: immunosuppressant; inhibits lymphocyte proliferation by blocking nucleotide synthesis

Use: prevent transplant rejection; rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, glomerulonephritis

Adverse effects: leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia; toxicity is increased by allopurinol

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6
Q

glucocorticoids

A

MOA: inhibit NF-kappaB; suppresses B and T cell function by decreasing cytokine transcription

Use: prevent transplant rejection; autoimmune disorders; inflammation

Adverse effects: hyperglycemia; osteoporosis; central obesity; muscle breakdown; psychosis; acne; hypertension; cataracts; avascular necrosis, iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome

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7
Q

Aldesleukin

A

MOA: recombinant IL-2

Use: renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma

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8
Q

Epoetin alfa

A

MOA: recombinant EPO

Use: anemia, especially in setting of renal failure

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9
Q

Filgrastim

A

MOA: G-CSF

Use: recovery of bone marrow

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10
Q

Sargramostim

A

MOA: GM-CSF

Use: recovery of bone marrow

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11
Q

IFN-alpha

A

MOA: recombinant cytokine

Use: chronic hepatits B and C, Kaposi sarcoma, malignant melanoma

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12
Q

IFN-beta

A

MOA: recombinant cytokine; reduces inflammation by stimulating suppressor T cells and thus decreasing cytokines

Use: multiple sclerosis

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13
Q

IFN-gamma

A

MOA: recombinant cytokine

Use: chronic granulomatous disease

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14
Q

romipostim and eltrombopag

A

MOA: recombinant cytokines

Use: thrombocytopenia

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15
Q

oprelvekin

A

MOA: recombinant IL-11

Use: thrombocytopenia

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16
Q

alemtuzumab

A

MOA: targets CD52

Use: CLL

17
Q

bevacizumab

A

MOA: targets VEGF

Use: colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma

18
Q

cetuximab

A

MOA: targets EGFR

Use: stage IV colorectal cancer, head and neck cancer

19
Q

rituximab

A

MOA: targets CD20

Use: B cell non-hodgkin lymphoma, CLL, rheumatoid arthritis, ITP

20
Q

trastuzumab

A

MOA: targets HER2/neu

Use: breast cancer

21
Q

Adalimumab and infliximab

A

MOA: targets soluble TNF-alpha

Use: IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis

22
Q

Eculizumab

A

MOA: targets complement protein C5

Use: paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

23
Q

Natalizumab

A

MOA: targets alpha4-integrin which is involved in WBC adhesion

Use: MS, Crohn disease

Adverse effects: risk of PML in patients with the JC virus

24
Q

Abciximab

A

MOA: targets platelet glycoproteins IIb/IIIa

Use: antiplatelet agent use to prevent ischemic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

25
Q

Denosumab

A

MOA: targets RANKL, inhibiting osteoclast maturation

Use: osteoporosis

26
Q

Digoxin immune Fab

A

MOA: targets digoxin

Use: antidote for digoxin toxicity

27
Q

Omalizumab

A

MOA: targets IgE and prevents it from binding to Fc

Use: allergic asthma

28
Q

Palivizumab

A

MOA: targets RSV F protein

Use: RSV prophylaxis for high risk infants

29
Q

Ranibizumab and bevacizumab

A

MOA: target VEGF

Use: neovascular age-related macular degeneration

USMLE (17 decks)

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