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First Aid Pharm > Drugs: Cardio > Flashcards

Drugs: Cardio Flashcards

1
Q

Digoxin Use

A

HF, a. fib

inc contractility, dec conduction @ AV node and depress SA node

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2
Q

Ezetimibe AE

A

diarr, inc Liver function Test

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3
Q

Procainamide MOA

A

class IA Antiarryth

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4
Q

Fibrates AE

A

myopathy (inc risk with statins)

cholesterol gallstones

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5
Q

Digoxin MOA

A
  1. inhibit Na/K ATPase to inhibit Na/Ca exhanger causing inc IC Ca and inc ionotropy
  2. stim vagus nerve to dec HR
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6
Q

Nitrate Use

A

angina, acute coronary syndrome, pulm edema

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7
Q

BB OD tx

A

saline, atropine, glucagon

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8
Q

Nitrate AE

A

reflex tach (prevent w BB), hypotension, flushing, “Monday disease”

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9
Q

Class 1A Arryth use

A

atrial and ventricular arryth

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10
Q

Tx unstable angina and NSTEMI

A

Anticoag (Heparin), antiplatelet (ASA), BB, ACEi, statin

Sx control= morphine and nitroglycerin

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11
Q

Prinzmetal angina tx

A

CB, nitrate, smoking cessation

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12
Q

Digoxin AE

A

cholinergic, blurry yellow vision, arty, AV block, hyperK

renal fail and hypoK predispose to toxicity

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13
Q

1- HTN tx

A

thiazide diuretic, ACEi, ARBs, dihydropyridine CCB

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14
Q

Adenosine AE

A

flushing, hypotension, chest pain, doom, bronchospasm

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15
Q

Adenosine DDI

A

theophylline and caffeine (adenosine R antagonist)

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16
Q

Adenosine MOA

A

inc K efflux (hyperpolarize) and dec Ca current

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17
Q

Adenosine use

A

DOC to dx SVT

very short acting (15 sec)

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18
Q

Amiodarone is

A

class 3 antiarryth (K channel blocker)

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19
Q

Amio AE

A

pulm fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, hypo/hyperthyroid (40% iodine), CV (brady, heart block, HF), acts as happen (blue-grey skin deposits causing photodermititis, corneal deposits)

remember to check PFT, LFT, TFT

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20
Q

Amlodipine is

A

dihydropyridine CCB

works on vast Smooth muscle

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21
Q

Bezafibrate is

A

fibrate

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22
Q

Bile acid resin AE

A

GI upset, dec abs of drugs/vit ADEK

taste bad, gallstones

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23
Q

bile acid resin MOA

A

prevent intestinal reads of BA so liver must use cholesterol to make BA

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24
Q

Bile acid resin use

A

dec LDL, C diff

slightly inc HDL, slightly inc TAGs

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25
Q

Buerger disease tx

A

smoking cessation

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26
Q

CCB AE

A

gingival hyperplasia, constipation, edema, CV depression, AV block, flushing, dizziness

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27
Q

CCB MOA

A

block voltage dependent L type Ca channels of cardiac and smooth muscle to dec contractility

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28
Q

cholestyramine is

A

bile acid resin

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29
Q

Class 1 antiarryth MOA

A

dec slope of phase 0

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30
Q

Class 1 antiarryth

A

Na channel blockers

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31
Q

Class 1B antiarryth use

A

post MI ventricular arryth, digitalis induced arryth

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32
Q

Class 1C antiarryth AE

A

proarryth (contra in structural/ischemic heart disease)

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33
Q

Class 1C antiarryth use

A

SVTs (only as last resort)

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34
Q

Class 2 antiarryth MOA

A

dec slope of phase 4

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35
Q

Class 2 antiarryth

A

BB

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36
Q

Class 2 antiarryth use

A

SVT, rate control in a. fib and a. flutter

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37
Q

class 3 antiarryth MOA

A

inc length of phase 3 (repolarization)

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38
Q

class 3 antiarryth

A

K channel blockers

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39
Q

class 3 antiarryth use

A

a. fib, a. flutter, Vtach

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40
Q

class 4 antiarryth MOA

A

dec conduction velocity, inc ERP and PR interval

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41
Q

class 4 antiarryth

A

CCB

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42
Q

class 4 antiarryth AE

A

constipation, flushing, edema, CV (HF, AV block, sinus node depression)

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43
Q

Class 4 antiarryth use

A

prevent SVT, Rate control in a. fib

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44
Q

Clevidipine is

A

dihydropyridine CCB

works on vasc smooth muscle

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45
Q

clevidipine use

A

HTN urgency/emergency

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46
Q

clofibrate is

A

fibrate

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47
Q

colesevelam is a

A

bile acid resin

48
Q

colestipol is

A

bile acid resin

49
Q

Dig antidote

A

anti-dig Fab, Mg

also slowly normalizes K

50
Q

dihydropyridine CCB Use

A

HTN, angina (including prinzmetal), Raynaud

51
Q

Diltiazem is

A

non-dihydropyridine CCB

works on heart

52
Q

Dilt is

A

class 4 antiarryth CCB

53
Q

Disopyramide is

A

class 1A antiarryth

54
Q

disopyramide AE

A

HF, thrombosytopenia, torsades de pointes (inc QT)

55
Q

dofetilide is a

A

class 3 antiarryth (K channel blocker)

56
Q

ezetimibe MOA

A

prevent cholesterol abs @ small intestine BBorder

57
Q

ezetimibe use

A

dec LDL

good for pets who don’t tolerate statins

58
Q

fenofibrate

A

fibrate

59
Q

fenoldopam MOA

A

D1-Rec agonist causes vasoDIL to dec BP and inc natriuresis

inc renal perfusion

60
Q

fenoldopam use

A

HTN emergency

61
Q

fibrates AE

A

myopathy (inc risk with statins)

cholesterol gallstones

62
Q

fibrates MOA

A

upregulate LPL to inc TAG clearance

activate PPARa to induce HDL synthesis

63
Q

fibrate use

A

dec TAG

also mildly dec LDL and inc HDL

64
Q

Flecainide

A

class 1C antiarryth

65
Q

gemfibrozil

A

fibrate

66
Q

HTN with DM tx

A

ACEi/ARB, BB (not in decompensated), aldosterone antagonist

ACEi/ ARB protect against diabetic neuropathy

67
Q

HTN w HF tx

A

diuretics, ACEi, ARB, BB, aldosterone antagonist

BB not in decompensated, contra in cardiogenic shock

68
Q

HTN with pregnancy tx

A

Hydralazine, labetalol, methyldopa, nifedipine

69
Q

Hydralazine AE

A

reflex tach (prevent with BB), fluid retention, SLE

70
Q

Hydralazine MOA

A

inc cGMP vasoDIL arterioles (Dec afterload)

71
Q

hydralazine use

A

severe HTN, HF

safe for pregnancy

72
Q

HTN emergency tx

A

CCB (clevidipine/nicardipine), fenoldopam (D agonist), labetalol, nitroprusside

73
Q

Ibutilide is a

A

class 3 antiarryth (K channel blocker)

74
Q

Ibutilide AE

A

torsades de pointes

class 3 antiarryth

75
Q

Isosorbide dinitrite is a

A

nitrate

76
Q

Isosorbide mononitrate is a

A

nitrate

77
Q

Kawasaki Tx

A

ASA and IVIg

78
Q

Lidocaine is a

A

class 1B Antiarryth

79
Q

mexiletine is

A

class 1B antiarryth

80
Q

Mg use

A

torsades de pointes, dig toxicity

81
Q

microscopic polyangiitis tx

A

steroids, cyclophosphamide

82
Q

niacin AE

A

flushing (tx with NSAID), hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia

83
Q

niacin MOA

A

inhibit lipolysis in adipose tissue

dec VLDL synthesis

84
Q

niacin use

A

inc HDL

also dec LDL and TAG

85
Q

Nicardipine is a

A

dihydropyridine CCB

works on vasc smooth muscle

86
Q

nifedipine is a

A

dihydropyridine CCB

works on vasc smooth muscle

87
Q

nimodipine is a

A

dihydropyridine CCB

88
Q

nimodipine use

A

subarach hem (prevent cerebral vasospasm)

89
Q

nitrate MOA

A

inc NO–> inc cGMP–> venodilation–> dec Preload

90
Q

nitrate use

A

angina, acute coronary syndrome, pulm edema

91
Q

nitroglycerin is a

A

nitrate

92
Q

nitroprusside AE

A

cyanide toxicity

93
Q

nitroprusside MOA

A

releases NO into inc cGMP, short acting

94
Q

nitroprusside use

A

HTN emergency

95
Q

non-dihydropyridine CCB use

A

HTN, angina, a.fib, a flutter

96
Q

polyarteritis nodosa tx

A

steroids, cyclophosphamide

97
Q

procainamide AE

A

SLE, thrombocytopenia, torsades de pointes inc QT

98
Q

propafenone is a

A

class 1C antiarryth

99
Q

quinidine is a

A

class 1A antiarryth

100
Q

quinidine AE

A

cinchonism (HA, tinnitus), thrombocytopenia, torsades de pointes (inc QT)

101
Q

sotalol is a

A

class 3 antiarryth (K Channel blocker)

102
Q

sotalol AE

A

torsades de points, excess BBlockade

103
Q

statin AE

A

hepatotoxic (inc LFTs), myopathy (especially with fibrates/niacin)

104
Q

statin MOA

A

inhibit HMG CoA reductase (cholesterol synthesis)

105
Q

statins use

A

dec LDL

mild inc HDL and dec TAGs

dec mortality in CAD pts

106
Q

takayasu arteritis tx

A

corticosteroids

107
Q

temporal arteritis

A

hi dose steroids

108
Q

tx for dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Na restrix, ACEi, BB, diuretic, dig, ICD, heart transplant

109
Q

tx for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

BB/CCB prolong diastole to inc LV filling to dec obstrux

110
Q

tx for raynaud

A

CCB

111
Q

tx for STEMI

A

reperfusion (percutaneous coronary intervention> fibrinolysis)

plus hep, ASA, BB, ACEi, nitroglycerin, morphine, statin

112
Q

tx for rheumatic fever

A

Penicillin

113
Q

type B aortic dissection tx

A

BB and vasoDIL

114
Q

verapamil is a

A

class 4 anti arryth (CCB)

115
Q

verapamil is a

A

nondihydropyridine CCB

works on heart

116
Q

verapamil AE

A

hyperprolactinemia (and other CCB AE)

117
Q

Wegner’s tx

A

steroids, cyclophosphamide

First Aid Pharm (9 decks)

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