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Drugs and Crime > Drugs and Crime > Flashcards

Drugs and Crime Flashcards

1
Q

Any substance other than food affects structure or function of body or mind is a

A

Drug

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2
Q

Substance that affects mental processes

A

Psychoactive

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3
Q

Manufacturing, sale, and procession is illegal under American law. -heroine

A

Illicit drug

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4
Q

Drugs that are legal

—-Advil

A

Licit drug

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5
Q

Condition which individual feels compulsive need to take a drug. Drug controls the persons life

A

Drug dependence

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6
Q

Motivation for taking drug for specific purpose other than getting high

A

Instrumental use

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7
Q

Drug for medicinal purposes

A

Recreational

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8
Q

Drug taking behavior resulting in form of physical and mental impairment

A

Drug abuse

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9
Q

Prescription or no prescription used improperly

A

Drug misuse

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10
Q

Harm a drug might present the user

A

Drug toxicity

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11
Q

Harm a drug might present user soon after drug is ingested

A

Acute toxicity

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12
Q

Quantity of drug taken, milligrams micrograms

A

Dose

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13
Q

Curve is S shaped graph showing increasing probability of certain effects as dose level rises

A

Dose response

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14
Q

Minimal dose of drug necessary to produce intended effect in a percentage of population

A

Effective dose

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15
Q

Minimal dose of a drug capable of producing death in a percentage of the population

A

Lethal dose

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16
Q

Measure of drugs relative safety use - ratio of lethal dose for 50% of population over affective dose

A

Therapeutic index

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17
Q

Lethal dose 1% of population to effective dose for 99% of population

A

Margins of safety

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18
Q

Drug Abuse Warning Network- federal program which hospitals report the income of drug related emergencies

A

DAWN Reports

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19
Q

Business responsible for manufacturing and distribution and sale of illicit drugs

A

Global illicit drug trade

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20
Q

Annual overview of developments in drug market

A

World drug report

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21
Q

14% of Americans use this drug

A

Marijuana

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22
Q

Southeast Asia dominate the source of heroine production

A

Golden triangle

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23
Q

Southwest Asia currently the source of heroine

A

Golden Crescent

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24
Q

3rd largest producer of heroine is

A

Mexicooooooo

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25
Q

4th largest source of heroine is

A

South America

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26
Q

Source of cocoa found in rainforests in South America

A

Cocoa shrub

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27
Q

Colombia based cartels operated thru Bolivia, Peru, Honduras, and U.S. In 70s and 80s

A

Medeline Cali Cartels

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28
Q

Mexico is major source of

A

Marijuana

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29
Q

Marijuana is produced in

A

Mountainous areas

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30
Q

Crystal powder composed of ephedrine and pseudo-ephedrine

A

Meth

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31
Q

Hallucinogen which is white odorless substance

A

LSD

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32
Q

Drug used as anesthetic

A

Phencyclidine -pcp-

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33
Q

Traffickers influence policies of govt or society thru violence hinder enforcement of anti drug laws

A

Narcoterrorism

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34
Q

Operate without specific allegiances

A

Transitional narcoterrorism

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35
Q

800 prescriptions for ailments

A

Ebyrs-papryus

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36
Q

Use of morphine and a syringe

A

Medical advances

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37
Q

Cocaine was used in

A

Soft drinks and to help combat colds

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38
Q

Relaxed public opinion no agencies to monitor medical professional separation of church and state and federal powers

A

Laissez-faire attitude

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39
Q

Advocate of renunciation of alcohol consumption 1820s

A

Temperance movement

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40
Q

Property medicine mace and marketed under patent and available with no prescription

A

Patent medicine

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41
Q

requires all packed food and drugs to list ingredients on label

A

Pure Food and Drug Act 1996

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42
Q

Special tax placed on all persons who produce import make and deal and sell opium and cocoa

A

Harrison Narcotic Act

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43
Q

Outlawed production and sale of alcohol

A

18 amendment

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44
Q

Carried out intent of 18th Amendment under US dept treasury

A

Volsteadt Act

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45
Q

Federal organization tasked to enforce Harrison Act

A

Federal Bureau of Narcotics

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46
Q

Tax on buyers sellers importers growers physicians and any other persons dealing marijuana prescribed professionally

A

Marijuana Tax Act

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47
Q

Act increased penalty for all drug violations for marijuana and narcotics lumped together

A

Boggs Act

48
Q

Further increased penalties for drug violations

A

Narcotics Cartel Act

49
Q

This act established classification based on medical use dependence and abuse

A

Comprehensive drug abuse prevention act

50
Q

Created by Nixon , created unified group to combat global drug problems

A

Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)

51
Q

Limits on sale of over counter meds

A

Combat Meth Epidemic Act

52
Q

Increased federal ability to tap phones and wireless devices monitor Internet comms, tighten money laundering and protect borders

A

USA Patriot Act

53
Q

Mandatory minimum sentences for drug violations; 100:1

A

Anti drug abuse act

54
Q

Increased penalties for violations of controlled substance act and expand asset forfeiture laws

A

Comprehensive crime control act

55
Q

High potential abuse no medical use and severe dependence

A

Schedule 1

56
Q

High abuse some med use and severe dependence

A

Schedule 2

57
Q

High abuse accepted medical use moderate dependence

A

Schedule 3

58
Q

Low abuse accepted med use low dependence

A

Schedule 4

59
Q

Minimal abuse widespread medical use low dependence

A

Schedule 5

60
Q

State resulting from chronic dog use that produces tolerance in which negative physical symptoms of withdrawal result from abrupt discontinuation or dosage reduction

A

Physical dependence

61
Q

State in which drug user is motivated by a craving for pleasurable effects of drug or to avoid the consequences of withdrawal

A

Psychological dependence

62
Q

Diagnostic term that identifies signs of dependence to psychoactive drug

A

Substance dependence

63
Q

Term that identifies an individual who continues to use psychoactive drug despite knowledge of the creation of specific problems

A

Substance abuse

64
Q

Drug taken by mouth and absorbed into bloodstream

A

Oral administration

65
Q

Indirectly delivered into bloodstream usually with needle

A

Injection

66
Q

Drug is inhaled in gaseous state

A

Inhalation

67
Q

Taken thru skin or membranes and delivered thru bloodstream

A

Absorption

68
Q

Slowly delivers thru skin

A

Transdermal patch

69
Q

Physical and chemical process which substance produced and destroyed resulting in production of energy

A

Metabolism

70
Q

Time a drug is reduced by 50% of equilibrium level on bloodstream

A

Elimination half life

71
Q

Interval of time during blood levels of drug not sufficient for drug effect to be observed

A

Latency period

72
Q

Property of drug interaction which combo of two drugs effects exceed effect of either one taken alone

A

Synergism

73
Q

Property in which one drug combo with another produces advanced effect when one of the other ones does nothing

A

Potentiation

74
Q

Effect of drug divided when taken with others

A

Antagonistic

75
Q

Capacity of drug to produce diminished physiological or psychological effect upon repeated use at same dose level

A

Tolerance

76
Q

Process of drug tolerance linked to drug taking behavior

A

Behavioral tolerance

77
Q

Chronic use induces effect of drug not used before

A

Cross tolerance

78
Q

Nobody knows it’s a drug or placebo being administered

A

Double blind

79
Q

Tougher offense – violation of laws that prohibit possession use and distribution of drugs

A

Drug defined offense

80
Q

Less tough offense – drug contributes to crime

A

Drug related offense

81
Q

Drug caused the crime

A

Psychopharmacological

82
Q

Drug related crime, act is committed to get money for drugs

A

Economically impulsive offense

83
Q

Act committed in pattern involved in drug trafficking

A

Systematic offense

84
Q

Drug use and crime is indirectly connected

A

Inter actual circumstances

85
Q

Users forced into crime due to circumstances

A

Medical model

86
Q

Involved in crime before drug use

A

Predisposition model

87
Q

Perpetuate a life of crime drug use intensifies

A

Intensification model

88
Q

Manufacture, import, wholesale, retail

A

Stages of production and distribution

89
Q

Dealers and buyers transact business with anonymity

A

Freelance model

90
Q

Transactions conducted within hierarchical organization

A

Business model

91
Q

Concealment of origins of illegally obtained drugs money by means of transfer involving banks and businesses

A

Money laundering

92
Q

Opium weed plants destroyed

A

Crop eradication

93
Q

Substances required for production of illicit drugs all drugs require alterations

A

Precursor chemicals

94
Q

Process which u.s. can withhold foreign aid to country

A

Certification

95
Q

Prevent drugs from being transported

A

Interdiction

96
Q

Drug law enforcement can arrest and use guns

A

DEA

97
Q

Curtailing flow of drugs on U.S soil

A

Border control

98
Q

Federal agency for maritime drug interdiction

A

Coast guard

99
Q

Reasonable basis for suspicion

A

Profiling

100
Q

Under cover agent poses as drug dealer, sells to buyer

A

Reverse sting

101
Q

Under cover dealer buys drugs under police suspicion

A

Controlled buy

102
Q

Agent buys illicit drug

A

Under cover buy

103
Q

No probable cause and ask if drugs are being sold

A

Knock talk

104
Q

Agents ask and receive permission to search for drugs

A

Consent search

105
Q

Court ordered doc says law enforcement have right to search residence or vehicles

A

Search warrant

106
Q

Ppl can be charged with organized crime

A

Organized crime act

107
Q

Assets are seized if used in criminal activity

A

Asset forfeiture

108
Q

Law aimed to prevent infiltration of businesses by tying members to one charge

A

RICO

109
Q

Found innocent are not in jeopardy by asset forfeiture

A

Civil asset forfeiture reform act

110
Q

Feelings of frustration and alienation when an individual perceives themselves as not being able to meet societal demands

A

Strain theory

111
Q

Bonds individuals have to society and its moral code are what keep them from breaking the law

A

Social control theory

112
Q

Deviant behavior learned thru communication and interacting with other deviants

A

Differential association theory

113
Q

Cultural group within larger culture who’s beliefs vary from larger culture

A

Subculture

114
Q

Process which self identity and behavior is determined by terms to used to describe them

A

Labeling theory

115
Q

First stage of deviant identity formation

A

Primary deviance

116
Q

Person internalizes deviant identity by integrating into self concept

A

Secondary deviance

117
Q

Biological psychological and social factors determine human behavior

A

Biopsychosocial

Drugs and Crime (1 decks)

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