DNA & Genetics

Question 1

What is an allele?

Answer 1

A part of a genotype, or the letters that make it up.

Question 2

What does the term “dominant” mean?

Answer 2

An expressed allele (overpowers and covers up any recessive allele present)

Question 3

What does the term “Recessive” mean?

Answer 3

Unexpressed allele (covered by dominant allele, if present)

Question 4

What does the term “Heterozygous” mean?

Answer 4

Two different genotypes

Question 5

What does the term “Homozygous” mean?

Answer 5

The pure dominant or recessive

Question 6

What is DNA?

Answer 6

Genetic makeup

Question 7

What is a gene?

Answer 7

A trait

Question 8

What is a genotype?

Answer 8

2 letters

Question 9

What is a phenotype?

Answer 9

A physical appearance

Question 10

How many chromosomes do human sex cells have?

Answer 10

23

Question 11

How many chromosomes do all other human body cells have?

Answer 11

46

Question 12

What 4 bases are in DNA and how do they pair?

Answer 12

Adenine with Thymine, and Guanine with Cytosine

Question 13

What 2 molecules make up the sides of DNA?

Answer 13

Sugars and phosphates

Question 14

Describe Chromatin and Chromosome

Answer 14

Chromatin is loose while chromosome is the compact version of chromatin

Question 15

Describe DNA’s shape

Answer 15

Double Helix

Question 16

How is your genotype related to your phenotype?

Answer 16

Your genotype determines your phenotype

Question 17

Why do cells divide?

Answer 17

To make more cells

Question 18

When fertilization in human cells occurs, how is the gender of the offspring determined?

Answer 18

Whether the dad gives a y chromosome or not.

Question 19

Where is DNA located in most cells?

Answer 19

In the Nucleus