DNA, chromosomes, genes

Question 1

Genes

Answer 1

Segments of DNA which can code for specific proteins.

located on chromosomes

offspring inherit traits encoded by genes present within their parents DNA

Question 2

(old ATI)
Which of the following is the number of different types of nucleotide bases found in DNA?

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D.4

Answer 2

D. 4

There are 4 nucleotide bases in DNA.
There is one type of sugar in DNA
There are two strands of DNA in a double helix
Three nucleic acids make a codon.

Question 3

(old ati)
In which of the following directions is DNA coded?

A. left to right
B. Top to bottom
C. 5’ to 3’
D. 3’ to 5’

Answer 3

C. 5’ to 3’

There is no left and right in chromosomes.
There is no top and bottome in chromosomes

Question 4

(Old ati)
A segment of DNA that contains a word made of three nucleotides is refered to as which of the following?

A. gene
B. Codon
C. Chromosome
D. Genome

Answer 4

B. codon

A codon is a three-nucleotide “word” that codes for an amino acid

A gene is an instructional “sentence” made of codon “words”.

A chromosome is composed of a length of DNA incorporating a linear arrangement of genes on each strand.

A gene is made of codon “words” that link to form a gene “sentence”.

A genome represents the sum total of all the chromosomal information in the cell.

Question 5

(OLD ati)
Match the letters shown in the figure to their description.

Answer 5

first- Genome “book”
second- chromosome “chapter”
third- Gene “sentence”
fourth- nucleotide “letter”
fith- codon “word”

Question 6

(new ati)
Which of the following nucleotides pairs with adenine in DNA?

A. Guanine
B. Adenine
C. Cytosine
D. Thymine

Question 7

(new ati)
Which of the following is the number of chromosomes found in the human cell?

A. 1 circular chromosome
B. 22( 11 pairs)
C. 46 (23 pairs)
D. 50 (25 pairs)

Question 8

(new ati)

Which of the following statements about nucleotides and genes is correct?

A. A gene contains thousands of chromosmes
B. A nucleotide contains many genes and chromsomes.
C. Nucleotides form strings of DNA that make up genes
D. Nucleotides form strings of chromosomes that make up DNA

Question 9

(new ati)
Which of the following is the name for a segment of DNA that codes for a protein?
A. Nucleotide
B. Gene
C. Chromosome
D. DNA

Question 11

(new ati)
In your own words, explain the relationship among chromsomes, DNA, RNA, and genes.

Question 12

What allows the AIDS virus to insert viral DNA into the DNA of a host cell after entering?

Answer 12

Reverse transcriptase, an enzyme encoded by the virus.