DNA and RNA

Question 1

What is a mononucleotide?

Answer 1

The monomers that make up DNA and RNA

Question 2

Describe the structure of a mononucleotide of DNA.

Answer 2

• Phosphate group
• Deoxyribose sugar
• Nitrogen-containing organic base (ATCG)

Question 3

Describe the structure of a mononucleotide of RNA.

Answer 3

• Phosphate group
• Ribose sugar
• Nitrogen-containing organic base (AUCG)

Question 4

What is a polynucleotide?

Answer 4

• A polymer (chain of lots) of mononucleotides
• Mononucleotides are joined together by condensation reactions between phosphate groups and sugar groups.
• DNA is made up of 2 strands
• RNA is made up of one strand

Question 5

Describe the structure of DNA.

Answer 5

• 2 strands joined together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs
• 2 hydrogen bonds between A and T
• 3 hydrogen bonds between C and G
• 2 antiparallel strands twist to form double helix