dna and chromosome structure

Question 1

describe dna in prokaryotes

Answer 1

-single stranded dna
-circular dna
-usually have plasmids
-not associated with proteins
-no introns

Question 2

describe dna in eukaryotes

Answer 2

-linear dna
-found in nucleus
-associated with histones
-double stranded dna
-no plamids
-has intons

Question 3

what is similar about dna in eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Answer 3

same nucleotide bases

Question 4

what is dna like in chloroplasts and mitochondria

Answer 4

-similar to prokaryote short and circular

Question 5

describe chromosome structure

Answer 5

-chromosomes are made up of one very long condensed dna molecule associated with histones
-centrometre
-chromatid
-telomeres

Question 6

what are homologous pairs of chromosomes

Answer 6

pairs of matching chromosomes they are the same size and have the same genes but may have different alleles

Question 7

whats a gene

Answer 7

short section of dna that contains a code for a polypeptide

Question 8

what is an allele

Answer 8

alternative form of a gene

Question 9

whats a start codon

Answer 9

3 bases at the start of a gene

Question 10

whats a stop codon

Answer 10

final 3 bases at the end of a gene which doesnt code for amino acid

Question 11

how does dna code for proteins

Answer 11

dna has a specific sequences of bases where a triplet codes for a specific amino acid
the order of the triplets code for a specific sequence of polypeptides