Diuretics

Question 1

Carbonic anhydride inhibitor examples

Answer 1

Acetazolamide

Question 2

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor mechanism of action

Answer 2

Inhibits carbonic anhydrase so decreases bicarbonate and hydrogen produced to promotes water retention

Question 3

Carbonic anhydrase uses

Answer 3

Glaucoma

Altitude sickness

Question 4

Carbonic anhydrase side effects

Answer 4

Acidosis

Renal stones

Question 5

Osmotic diuretic examples

Answer 5

Mannitol

Question 6

Osmotic diuretic mechanism of action

Answer 6

Prevents reabsorption of water and Na as increases blood flow to kidney by expanding ECF and plasma volumes

Question 7

Osmotic diuretic uses

Answer 7

Reduce intracerebal pressure

Question 8

Osmotic diuretic side effects

Answer 8

Allergic reactions

Question 9

Loop diuretic examples

Answer 9

Furosemide

Butmetanide

Question 10

Loop diuretic mechanism of action

Answer 10

Blocks NaKCl and water reasbsorption in loop of Henle

Question 11

Loop diuretic uses

Answer 11

Oedema
Hypertension
CKD

Question 12

Loop diuretic side effects

Answer 12

Alkalosis

Increased urate and lipids- metabolic effects

Question 13

Thiazides diuretic examples

Answer 13

Benzothiadiazine

Indapamide

Question 14

Thiazide diuretic mechanism of action

Answer 14

Inhibits NaCl channel and water reabsorption in DCT

Question 15

Thiazides diuretic uses

Answer 15

Hypertension

Question 16

Thiazide diuretic side effects

Answer 16

Electrolyte disturbances
Metabolic effects like increased urate, glucose, lipids
Impotence

Question 17

Potassium sparing diuretic example

Answer 17

Amiloride

Question 18

Potassium sparing diuretic mechanism of action

Answer 18

Blocks enac channel so inhibits Na and water reabsorption at luminal surface of renal tubule

Question 19

Potassium sparing diuretic uses

Answer 19

Used to counteract potassium losing diuretics

Question 20

Potassium sparing diuretic Side effect

Answer 20

Hyperkalemia

Question 21

Aldosterone antagonist examples

Answer 21

Spironolactone

Question 22

Aldosterone antagonist mechanism of action

Answer 22

Prevents aldosterone binding so increases diuresis at mineralocorticoid receptor

Question 23

Aldosterone antagonist uses

Answer 23

Heart failure
Ascites
Hypertension
Hyperadrenalism

Question 24

Aldosterone antagonist side effects

Answer 24

Hyperkalaemia

Gynaecomastia

Question 25

Adh antagonist examples

Answer 25

Lithium

Totlvaptan

Question 26

Adh mechanism of action

Answer 26

Inhibits adh actions

Adh antagonist

Question 27

Adh antagonist uses

Answer 27

Hyponatraemia

Question 28

Adh antagonist side effects

Answer 28

Hypernatraemia

Decreased liver function