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Microbiology Unit 2 > diseases part 1 > Flashcards

diseases part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

impetigo cause

A

staphylococcus aureus

streptococcus pyrogens

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2
Q

impetigo S/SX

A

skin lesions on face, lips, arms, legs
blister and oozing
thick honey-colored

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3
Q

impetigo lab tests

A

culture of skin or mucosal lesion

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4
Q

impetigo treatment

A

antibacterial cream

oral antibiotics

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5
Q

impetigo transmitted

A

contagious

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6
Q

Scalded skin syndrome definition

A

shedding

affects infants and children under 5

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7
Q

scalded skin syndrome cause

A

staphylococcus aureus

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8
Q

scalded skin syndrome virulence

A

staphlococci produce exfoliative toxins A and B

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9
Q

scalded skin syndrome S/Sx

A 
fever
redness of skin
spreads over body
large areas of skin peel away
painful skin
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10
Q

scalded skin syndrome lab tests

A

positive Nikolsky’s sign

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11
Q

scalded skin syndrome treatment

A

antibiotics

dehydrate

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12
Q

scalded skin syndrome transmitted

A

direct contact

droplet contact

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13
Q

scalded skin syndrome complications

A

septicemia
dehydration
poor temp control
cellulitis

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14
Q

gas gangrene definition

A

tissue death

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15
Q

gas gangrene cause

A

infection by Clostridium perfringes

Group A Streptococcus

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16
Q

gas gangrene S/SX

A

bubbles
edema
bloody exudate
tachycardia

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17
Q

gas gangrene lab tests

A 
gram-positive rods 
spore formation
X-ray
CT scan
MRI
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18
Q

gas gangrene treatment

A

removal of dead tissue
amputation
antibiotics
oxygen therapy

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19
Q

gas gangrene transmitted

A

soil
GI tract
reproductive tract

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20
Q

gas gangrene complications

A

jaundice
sepsis
stupor
delirium

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21
Q

chickenpox definition

A

itchy
fluid-filled blisters
bust and form crusts

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22
Q

chickenpox cause

A

varicella-zoster

herpes zoster

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23
Q

chickenpox S/SX

A

headache
tummy ache
loss of appetite
2-4 days after breaking out

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24
Q

chickenpox lab test

A

blood tests

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25
Q

chickenpox treatment

A

oatmeal baths

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26
Q

chickenpox transmitted

A

contagious
direct contact
droplet transmission
airborne transmission

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27
Q

chickenpox complications

A

encephalitis
reyes syndrome
pneumonia
myocarditis

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28
Q

chickenpox other

A

DO NOT USE ASPIRIN

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29
Q

measles definition

A 
viral illness
fever 
cough
conjunctivitis
spreading rash
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30
Q

measles virulence

A

syncytium formation

suppress immune response

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31
Q

measles S/SX

A 
sore throat
runny nose
bloodshot eyes
tiny white spots inside mouth
photophobia
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32
Q

measles lab test

A

ELISA

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33
Q

measles treatment

A

Vitamin K
bed rest
humidified air
acetaminophen

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34
Q

measles transmitted

A

8-12 days before symptoms appear

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35
Q

measles complication

A

otitis media
bronchitis
pneumonia

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36
Q

leishmaniasis definition

A

parasitic disease

bite of the sandfly

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37
Q

leishmaniasis S/SX

A 
enlarged spleen
enlarged liver
enlarged lymph nodes
night sweats
weight loss
abdominal discomfort 
vomitting
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38
Q

leishmaniasis treatment

A

megulumine antimonite

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39
Q

ringworm definition

A

skin infection

especially children

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40
Q

ringworm cause

A

fungus

on body, scalp, groin, feet

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41
Q

ringworm S/Sx

A 
red
raised 
scaly
sharply-defined edges 
redder on outside normal tone in center
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42
Q

ringworm lab tests

A

appear florescent with blue light

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43
Q

ringworm treatment

A

clean and dry
OTC anti-fungal creams
wash sheets everyday while infected

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44
Q

ringworm transmitted

A

skin-to-skin
contaminated items
pets
cats common carriers

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45
Q

Impetigo definition

A

skin disorder

crusting skin lesion

46
Q

cutaneous anthrax definition

A

direct contact with bacteria

47
Q

cutaneous anthrax cause

A

Bacillus anthracis

48
Q

cutaneous anthrax virulence

A

endospore formation
capsule
lethal factor
edema factor

49
Q

cutaneous anthrax S/SX

A

ulcer forms black scab
malaise
swollen
painful lymph nodes

50
Q

cutaneous anthrax treatment

A

oral antibiotics
penicillin
doxucycline
CIPRO

51
Q

cutaneous anthrax transmitted

A

no known transmission from person to person
open wound
direct contact with endospores

52
Q

cutaneous anthrax prevention

A

6 dose series

53
Q

cutaneous anthrax complication

A

spread into bloodstream

shock and death

54
Q

meningitis definition

A

inflammation of membranes that protect brain

55
Q

meningitis cause

A 
bacteria
yeast
viruses 
Neisseria meningitides 
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophilus influenzae
listeria monocytoigenes 
cryptocus neoformans 
coccidiodes immitis
56
Q

meningitis S/SX

A 
chills
severe headache
stiff  neck
photophobia
mental status change
purple skin
57
Q

meningitis lab tests

A

lumbar puncture

head CT

58
Q

meningitis transmitted

A

close contact with secretions

droplets

59
Q

meningitis prevention

A

HiB vaccine

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

60
Q

meningitis complications

A 
hearing loss
deafness
brain damage
loss of vision
hydrocephalus
61
Q

neonatal meningitis cause

A

Streptococcus agalactiae
E. coli
Listeria monocytogenes

62
Q

Neonatal meningitis S/SX

A 
unstable temp
poor feeding
breathing difficulties
grunting
rapid breathing
cyanosis
lethargy
shock
63
Q

neonatal meningitis lab tests

A

blood culture
CSF culture
urine culture
CBC

64
Q

neonatal meningitis treatment

A

penicillin

65
Q

neonatal meningitis prevention

A

avoid unpasteurized dairy products

66
Q

neonatal meningitis complications

A 
hearing loss
blindness
cerebral palsy
retardation
epilepsy
67
Q

encephalitis definition

A

inflammation of brain

68
Q

encephalitis cause

A

viral infection

69
Q

encephalitis S/SX

A

unsteady gait
light-sensitivity
stiff neck and back
drowsiness

70
Q

encephalitis lab tests

A 
serological tests
lumbar puncture 
EEG
brain MRI
CAT scan
71
Q

encephalitis treatment

A

antiviral medications
supportive care
relieve symptoms

72
Q

encephalitis prevention

A

control mosquitos

animal vaccination

73
Q

encephalitis complications

A

neurological impairments

(memory, speech, vision, hearing, muscle control,

74
Q

toxoplasmas gondii define

A

single-cell parasite

75
Q

toxoplasmas gondii cause

A

infected cat shedding the organism in feces

76
Q

toxoplasmas gondii virulence

A

intracellular growth
cell fusion
invade host

77
Q

toxoplasmas gondii S/SX

A

not aware of it
“flu”
swollen lymph nodes
last for a month of more

78
Q

toxoplasmas gondii lab tests

A

serological detection of IgM antibodies

79
Q

Toxoplasmas gondii treatment

A

not needed

80
Q

toxoplasmas gondii transmitted

A

raw or partly cooked meat (pork,lamb, venison)

81
Q

toxoplasmas gondii prevention

A

wear gloves when gardening or handling soil
cook meat thoroughly
pregnant women should not clean cats’s liter box

82
Q

rabies define

A

viral infection

83
Q

rabies cause

A

rhandoviridiae virus

bite wound or open wound

84
Q

rabies virulence

A

envelope glycoprotein

85
Q

rabies S/SX

A 
pain at site of bite
swallowing difficulty 
muscle spasms 
convulsions
numbness
loss of feeling in area
drooling
anxiety
86
Q

rabies lab tests

A

observe animal

immunofluorescence of necropsy

87
Q

rabies treatment

A

cleaning wound

immunization

88
Q

rabies transmitted

A

dog bite

bats

89
Q

rabies prevention

A

vaccination of dogs and cats every 2 years

90
Q

tetanus define

A

toxin of bacterium
lockjaw
affects CNS

91
Q

tetanus cause

A

Clostridium tetani live in soil

92
Q

tetanus virulence

A

tetanospasm in exotoxin

93
Q

tetanus S/SX

A 
spasms and tightening of jaw 
stiffness and spasms of:
neck
chest
abdominal
back
titanic seizures
irritability
94
Q

tetanus treatment

A

antitoxin
penicillin
remove and destroy source of tetanus

95
Q

tetanus transmitted

A

rusty nails

96
Q

tetanus prevention

A

active tetanus immunization

10 years protected

97
Q

tetanus complications

A 
airway obstruction 
respiratory arrest
heart failure 
pneumonia
fractures
98
Q

botulism define

A

intoxication of bacterial exotoxin

99
Q

botulism cause

A

Clostridium botulinum in soil untreated water

100
Q

botulism S/Sx

A 
speech impairment 
feeling loss
eyelid drooping
absent or decreased gag reflex 
paralyzed bowel
101
Q

botulism treatment

A

hospital

102
Q

botulism transmitted

A

canned foods

103
Q

botulism prevention

A

honey or corn syrup NOT give to children 1 year old
discard bulging vans
sterilize home canned foods

104
Q

African sleeping sickness define

A

2 protozoan parasites

105
Q

african sleeping sickness cause

A

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

106
Q

african sleeping sickness virulence

A

antigen shifting

107
Q

african sleeping sickness S/SX

A 
swollen lymph nodes
swelling face and hands
weight loss
difficulty walking
seizures
108
Q

african sleeping sickness lab tests

A

CSF

blood analysis

109
Q

african sleeping sickness treatment

A

NO vaccine

110
Q

african sleeping sickness transmitted

A

tsetse flies

111
Q

african sleeping sickness prevention

A

wear protective clothing thick fabric
khakki or olive colored clothing
insect repellent

Microbiology Unit 2 (6 decks)

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