Disease Flashcards
Define disease
Disruption of homeostasis / any change in the body that impairs normal function
What is infectious diseases
Harmful organisms (pathogens) enter body and is passed/spread
Non infectious diseases
Arent caused by pathogens
Genetic environmental aging factors
What are pathogens
Any organism / agent that can produce disrase
What are bacteria
Single celled organisms vital to ecosystem and body pathogenic bacteria causes diseases
How can bacteria enter the body
Direct and indirect
What are viruses
Smallest pathogen
Can only reproduce inside host cell by releasing DNA
Changes function of host cells and its protein production
What are fungi
Invades skin, tissue and can affect bones and organs
Reproduce in spores
What are protozoa
Tissue damage leading to disease
Single celled parasites
Fecal oral
What is the role of the immune system
Protect body from invading pathogens
What is the 1st line of defence
Innate non specific
What does the 1st line do
Surface barriers - skin and mucuous membrane
Release chemicals to restrict microbe growth
What is the 2nd lime of defence
Innate non specific
Cellular but attacks in a generalised way, responds same way to every infection
What does the 2nd line do
Phagocytes migrate to infection site and destroy foreign invaders
Inflammatory response causes swelling
Body temp increase to suppress microbe growth
What is the 3rd line of defence
Adaptive immune system
