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Med Term Review > Directional and Anatomical > Flashcards

Directional and Anatomical Flashcards

1
Q

Ventral

A

refers to the belly or underside of a body or body part

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2
Q

Dorsal

A

refers to the back

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3
Q

Cranial

A

toward the head

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4
Q

Caudal

A

toward the tail

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5
Q

Anterior

A

front of the body

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6
Q

Posterior

A

rear of the body

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7
Q

Rostral

A

nose end of the head

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8
Q

Cephalic

A

pertaining to the head

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9
Q

Medial

A

toward the midline

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10
Q

Lateral

A

away from midline

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11
Q

Superior

A

uppermost, above, or toward the head

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12
Q

Inferior

A

lowermost, below, or toward the tail

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13
Q

Proximal

A

nearest the midline

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14
Q

Distal

A

farthest from the midline

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15
Q

Superficial

A

near the surface also called external

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16
Q

Deep

A

away from the surface also called internal

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17
Q

Palmar

A

caudal surface of the front paw including the carpus

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18
Q

Plantar

A

caudal surface of the back paw including the tarsus

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19
Q

Midsagittal plane

A

divides body into equal right and left halves

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20
Q

Saggital plane

A

divides body into unequal right and left parts

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21
Q

Dorsal plane

A

divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts

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22
Q

Transverse plane

A

divides the body into cranial and caudal parts

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23
Q

Dental arcade

A

term used to describe how teeth are arranged in the mouth

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24
Q

Lingual surface

A

aspect of tooth that faces the tongue

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25
Q

Palatal surface

A

aspect of tooth facing the maxilla

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26
Q

Buccal surface

A

aspect of tooth facing the cheeks

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27
Q

Vestibular surface

A

AKA buccal surface

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28
Q

Occlusal surfaces

A

aspects of the teeth that meet when chewing

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29
Q

Labial surface

A

tooth surface facing the lips

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30
Q

Contact surface

A

aspects of the tooth that tough other teeth

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31
Q

Mesial contact

A

side of tooth closest to midline

32
Q

Distal contact

A

side of tooth farthest from midline

33
Q

Body cavity

A

hole or hollow space in the body that contains and protects internal organs

34
Q

Membranes

A

thin layers of tissue that cover a surface, line a cavity, or divide a space or organ

35
Q

Peritoneum

A

the membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavity

36
Q

Mesentary

A

layer of the peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestine in the abdominal cavity.

37
Q

Flexion

A

closure of a joint angle or reduction of the angle between two bones

38
Q

Extension

A

straightening of a joint or an increase in the angle between two bones

39
Q

Hyperflexion/Hyperextension

A

when a joint is flexed or extended too far

40
Q

Supination

A

act of rotating a limb or body part so the palmar surface is turned upward

41
Q

Pronation

A

the act of rotating the limb or body part so that the palmar surface is turned downward

42
Q

Anomaly

A

deviation from what is regarded as normal (defect)

43
Q

-plasia

A

used to describe formation, development, and growth of tissue and cell NUMBERS

44
Q

-trophy

A

used to describe formation, development, and increase in SIZE of tissue.

45
Q

Anaplasia

A

change in the structure of cells and their orientation to eachother

46
Q

Aplasia

A

lack of development of an organ or tissue or a cell

47
Q

Dysplasia

A

abnormal growth or development of an organ or a tissue or a cell.

48
Q

Hyperplasia

A

abnormal increase in the number of normal cells in normal arrangement

49
Q

Hypoplasia

A

incomplete or less than normal development of an organ or a tissue or a cell

50
Q

Neoplasia

A

abnormal new growth of tissue in which multiplication of cells is uncontrolled, more rapid than normal, and progressive.

51
Q

Benign

A

meaning not recurring

52
Q

Malignant

A

tending to spread and be life threatening

53
Q

oste/o
oss/e
oss/i

A

bones

54
Q

arthr/o

A

joints

55
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

56
Q

my/o

A

muscles

57
Q

fasc/i

fasci/o

A

fascia

58
Q

ten/o
tend/o
tendin/o

A

tendons

59
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

60
Q

arteri/o

A

arteries

61
Q

ven/o

phleb/o

A

veins

62
Q

hem/o

hemat/o

A

blood

63
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph vessels, fluid, and nodes

64
Q

pneum/o

pneumon/o

A

lungs

65
Q

or/o

stomat/o

A

mouth

66
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

67
Q

enter/o

A

small intestine

68
Q

col/o

colon/o

A

large intestine

69
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

70
Q

pancreat/o

A

pancreas

71
Q

ren/o

nephr/o

A

kidneys

72
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

73
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

74
Q

orch/o
orchi/o
orchid/o
testicul/o

A

testes

75
Q

ovari/o

oophor/o

A

ovaries

76
Q

hyster/o
metr/o
metr/i
uter/o

A

uterus

Med Term Review (4 decks)

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