Digestive Sytem Flashcards
4 step process of digestion
Ingestion- in taking food and water
Digestion- process by which carbohydrates, proteins, and fat molecules are broken down
Absorption- absorption of nutrients from broken down food into blood and lymph
Elimination- removing waste from body
What is mechanical digestion
Physically breaking down food into smaller molecules
What is chemical digestion
Process by breaking down food into smaller molecules by using enzymes and chemicals
What does starch break down into
Starch (carbohydrate) --salivary amylase and teeth Polysaccharide --Pancreatic amylase Disaccharide --intestinal amylase Monosaccharide (simple sugar)
What does proteins break down into
Protein --teeth Peptide --pepsin and churning of stomach Polypeptide --protease Amino acid
What does fat break down into
Fat --bile Small fat droplets --lipase Glycerol+ fatty acid
Peristalsis
Contraction and relaxation of circular and longitudinal muscles which forms a constriction and pushes food along alimentary canal
6 basic functions of digestive system
- Ingestion of food and water
- Mechanical digestion of food
- Chemical digestion of food
- Movement of food along alimentary canal
- Absorption of nutrients from broken down food and water into blood and lymph
- Elimination of material that is not absorbed
Why is it referred to as elimination
Excretion ups the removal of metabolic waste- waste produced from chemical activity of body cells
Faces does not have metabolic waste
Therefore defecation is better referred to as elimination
PH levels of alimentary canal
Mouth= 6-8 pH, varying on food consumed
Stomach= 2 pH (result of hydrochloric acid and gastric juice)
Small intestine= 7-8 pH (result of bile)
Why is it referred to as elimination
Excretion ups the removal of metabolic waste- waste produced from chemical activity of body cells
Faces does not have metabolic waste
Therefore defecation is better referred to as elimination
PH levels of alimentary canal
Mouth= 6-8 pH, varying on food consumed
Stomach= 2 pH (result of hydrochloric acid and gastric juice)
Small intestine= 7-8 pH (result of bile)
