Diffusion and Osmosis Flashcards
What is Diffusion?
The net movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration
What is Osmosis?
The movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a partially permeable membrane
What happens if a cell gains volume?
It expands and could burst as there is no vacuole for storage and no cell wall to resist expansion
Where do plants gain water from?
Their roots
What are stomata?
Tiny holes on the underside of plant leaves
What is the role of stomata?
They allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaves and let water escape from the leaves by opening and closing
What do guard cells do?
Control the stomata
What happens if there is a lot of water in the stomata?
Guard cells become turgid so the pore opens
What happens if there is not a lot of water in the stomata?
Guard cells become flaccid and the pore closes preventing water loss and stopping photosynthesis
What is Active Transport?
The movement of solutes against the concentration gradient across a cell membrane
What two things are required for Active Transport to take place?
- Energy produced by the respiration of cells
2. A carrier molecule
What is Facilitated Diffusion?
The movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration (using ATP energy produced by the mitochondria)
What does Hypotonic mean?
One of two solutions has more water and less solute
What does Hypertonic mean?
One of two solutions has less water and more solute
What does Isotonic mean?
There is an equal water/solute balance
