DIAGNOSTICS (1)

Question 1

commercially available and can be performed by the trained personnel that are highly accurate and precise, if done with the correct technique.

Answer 1

pregnancy test

Question 2

relies on the detection of an antibody to the hormone hCG or subunit in the urine/serum

Answer 2

pregnancy testing

Question 3

the first placental hormone produced and can be found shortly after implantation

Answer 3

human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 4

specimen used for a test that is done 10-14 days after the missed menstrual period.

Answer 4

Urine

Question 5

why is it important to use urine as a specimen 10-14 days after the missed menstrual period?

Answer 5

this period guarantee level of hCG and prevents false negative results.

Question 6

• immunologic pregnancy test & approx. 95% accurate in diagnosing pregnancy.
• 98% accurate in determining the absence of pregnancy

Answer 6

gravindex & pregnosticon

Question 7

• a test for the beta subunit of hCG
• considered to be so accurate as to be diagnostic for pregnancy.

Answer 7

radioimmunoassay

Question 8

as the nurse on duty, what urine should you collect for the urine test (hCG?)

Answer 8

first voided urine

Question 9

as the nurse on duty, what instructions would you give your patient before collecting her urine specimen?

Answer 9

• no fluids from 8pm the night before
• no meds for 24hrs

Question 10

what specimen has sensitive assays that hCG can be detected as early as 7 days after conception and is close to 100% accurate.

Answer 10

blood

Question 11

what is progesterone withdrawal test?

Answer 11

a test wherein the mom takes a contraceptive pill containing progesterone OD or TID.

• bleeding occurs within 10-15 days, not pregnant.
• if no bleeding occurs = corpus luteum neutralizes progesterone

Question 12

this involves exposing a part of the body to high frequency sound waves to produce pictures of the inside of the body.

Answer 12

ultrasound imaging

Question 13

what week/s can you start ultrasound imaging if the LMP is known?

Answer 13

7-11wks

Question 14

what week/s can you start ultrasound imaging if the LMP is unknown?

Answer 14

between 16-20wks

Question 15

(types of pelvic ultrasound)

• supine position
• transducer on the lower abdomen
• Malaki na pregnancy

Answer 15

abdominal or transabdominal

Question 16

(types of pelvic ultrasound)

• lithotomy position
• 2-3 inches of transducer’s end with protective cover and lubricating gel.
• first trimester only

Answer 16

vaginal or transvaginal

Question 17

as a nurse on duty, what should you instruct your patient before her TVS appointment?

Answer 17

void first

Question 18

as a nurse on duty, what should you instruct your patient before her TAS

Answer 18

do not void, full bladder pushes the uterus.

Question 19

what are the purposes of ultrasound?

Answer 19

• diagnose (as early as 6wks)
• confirm size, location of placenta, amniotic fluid
• discover complications
• if fetus is growing, no congenital anomalies
• measurement of BPD

Question 20

used to predict fetal maturity.

• measurement of fetal head
• weight

Answer 20

biparietal diameter

Question 21

what is the normal measurement of the fetal head?

Answer 21

8.5cm or greater

Question 22

what is the normal weight of a fetus?

Answer 22

2500 g (5.5lb)

Question 23

what is a doppler umbilical velocimetry?

Answer 23

it measures the velocity at which rbc in uterine and fetal vessels to assess blood flow.

Question 24

what do you grade for the placental grading for maturity?

Answer 24

amount of calcium deposits present at the base of the placenta

Question 25

(placental grading for maturity) grade 0

Answer 25

between 12 & 24wks

Question 26

(placental grading for maturity) the mom went to the clinic to get her placental grading for maturity, the physician told her that she is at grade 1. what week/s of gestation is she currently in?

Answer 26

30-32wks

Question 27

(placental grading for maturity) grade 2

Answer 27

36wks

Question 28

(placental grading for maturity) Lina went to her OBGYN to get her placental grading for maturity, her doctor told her that she is at 38 weeks suggesting that her fetus is already mature. what grade is she in?

Answer 28

grade 3

Question 29

this refers to the amount of amniotic fluid present estimate fetal health

Answer 29

amniotic fluid volume

Question 30

after gina's checkup, she discovered that her amniotic fluid volume ranges at 20-24cm. what does this indicate?

Answer 30

hydramnios

Question 31

if the amniotic fluid volume is less than 5-6cm, what does this indicate?

Answer 31

oligohydramnios

Question 32

Alex and her husband went to the clinic to get her amniotic fluid volume checked, the doctor told her that it ranges from 8-18cm. what does this indicate?

Answer 32

normal amniotic fluid volume

Question 33

it is described as the appearance of the collection of fluid under the skin behind fetal neck.

Answer 33

nuchal translucency

Question 34

Lery went to her doctor to get her first ultrasonography, she has discovered that her fetus has a lot of fluid under the skin behind the fetal neck, her doctor suggested that it may be an indication of what?

Answer 34

down syndrome

Question 35

what is magnetic resonance imaging?

Answer 35

- it can identify structural anomalies / soft tissue disorder

Question 36

why is MRI not a common checkup procedure for pregnancy?

Answer 36

- pricy, only used for advanced investigation - it is safe for pregnancy

Question 37

an x-ray procedure used in suspected CPD

Answer 37

lateral pelvimetry

Question 38

what is the danger sign of CPD?

Answer 38

absence of lightening in a primigravida active labor

Question 39

why is lateral pelvimetry NOT recommended at first trimester?

Answer 39

radiation is harmful during the first trimester = organogenesis