diagnosis and classification Flashcards
what is the word origin of the word schizophrenia
” split - mind”
what is schizophrenia best described as
schizophrenia is best described as a condition where personality loses it’s unity
give the definition proposed by stafford and clarke in 1964
schizophrenia is a generic name for a group of disorders characterised by a progressive disintegration of emotional stability, judgment, contact with and appreciation of reality, which produces considerable secondary impairment of the personality, relationships, intellectual functioning
schizophrenia is a mental disorder that affects a person’s thoughts and ability to determine reality
what are the 2 major systems for the classification of schizophrenia
- international classification for disease ICD-10
used by the WHO - diagnostic and statistical manual 5 (DSM-5)
used in USA + UK
what is the name used for the manual to diagnose schizophrenia used by the WHO
international classification for disease ICD-10
what is the name used for the manual to diagnose schizophrenia used by the UK + USA
diagnostic and statistical manual 5 (DSM-5)
to be diagnosed with schizophrenia in the UK and US using the DSM-5 what are the criteria
patients must have at least 1 “positive” symptom
to be diagnosed with schizophrenia internationally using the 1CD-10 what are the criteria
patients must have 2 or more “negative” symptoms
define “positive” symptom
atypical symptoms experienced in addition to normal experiences
(e.g: hallucinations, delusions)
define “negative” symptom
atypical experiences that present the loss of a usual experience
(e.g: clear thinking, or “normal levels” of motivation, avolition, speech poverty)
give 2 “positive” symptoms of schizophrenia
- hallucinations
- delusions
what are hallucinations
they are a positive symptom of “schizophrenia”
they are sensory experiences that have either no basis in reality or are distorted perceptions of things that are there
e.g: voices heard criticising them, see distorted facial expressions, see people or animals that aren’t there
what are delusions
they are a positive symptom of schizophrenia
they involve beliefs that have no basis in reality
e.g: believe they: are someone else like Jesus, will be persecuted by government , have superpowers
PEOPLE WITH DELUSIONS TEND TO BE THE VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE
due to the person with the delusion behaving in a way that makes sense to them but may appear to be bizarre to others
give 2 negative symptoms of schizophrenia
- speech poverty
- avolition
what is speech poverty
it is a negative symptom of schizophrenia
it involves reduced frequency and quality of speech
this can be accompanied by a delay in a person’s verbal responses in conversation
emphasis is placed on speech disorganisation (a +ve symptom) where speech becomes incoherent or speaker changes topic mid sentence
