Diabetes meds

Question 1

Amylin mimetic

Answer 1

Released with insulin (assists w/postprandial glucose control)

ex. pramlintide

Question 2

Glucagon-like Peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist

Answer 2

Mimics incretins

DECREASE

• Gastric emptying
• Appetite

INCREASE
-Release of insulin

Side effects:
N/V/D
Hypoglycemia
Headache

Med names end in “glutide”

Question 3

Dipeptidyl peptitdase-4 inhibitors

Answer 3

Work with incretins

Stim insulin release from beta cells

Decrease glucagon production in liver

Side effects: Pancreatitis, allergic reactions

end in liptin

Question 4

What are incretins?

Answer 4

Hormones that stimulate decrease in blood glucose

Question 5

SGLT-2 inhibitors

Answer 5

decrease glucose by increasing its excretion in urine

Side effects:
UTI
Genital infections
Hypoglycemia

med names end in “liflozin”

Question 6

Biguanide

Answer 6

Decrease glucose production in liver

Make tissue respond to insulin

Side effects:
-Giving IV contrast fluids (for CT etc.) can cause renal failure. Lactic Acidosis (both are excreted by kidneys) caused by metformin accumulating in kidneys and not filtering.

ex. metformin

Question 7

Thiazolidinediones (TZD)

Answer 7

Inc. glucose uptake in muscles

Dec. endogenous glucose production

side effects:
Weight gain

Pioglitazone: May inc risk bladder cancer, worsen HF

Rosiglitazone: May inc. risk for CV event

Med names end in “litazone”

Question 8

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors

Answer 8

Delay carbohydrate digestion and absorption

Stops glucose rising post meal

Question 9

Sulfonylureas

Answer 9

Stimulates insulin release from pancreas

Inc. cellular insulin sensitivity

Decrease glyconeogenesis and glycogenolysis

Side effects:
Weight gain, hypoglycemia

Treat type 2

end in “ide”