Development and Human Welfare 9.1 Defining Development and Human Welfare

Question 1

difinition of development (2)

Answer 1

• a process of change that affects countries and their peoples
• making progress in a number of different fields known as the ‘strands’ of development

Question 2

what is the most important strand of development? (3)

Answer 2

• economic development, which provides the power that drives progress in all the other development strands
• comes from the exploitation of resources- minerals, energy, climate and soils
• it requires capital, technology and enterprising people and a good government

Question 3

what development strand does the economic group contain? (3)

Answer 3

• employment
• standard of living
• productivity= efficient use of capital and labour

Question 4

what development strand does the demographic group contain? (3)

Answer 4

• life expectancy= rising with better healthcare, hygiene and diet
• birth control= right to chose family size
• mobility= freedom to migrate

Question 5

What development strand does the social group contain? (3)

Answer 5

• welfare= access to services
• equal opportunities
• quality of life

Question 6

What development strand does the cultural group contain? (3)

Answer 6

• education= cumpulsory education for all
• heritage= respect and conserve
• ethnicity= mutual respect

Question 7

What development strand does the political group contain? (3)

Answer 7

• right to vote
• democratic government= regular and fair elections
• freedom of speech

Question 8

What development strand does the environmental group contain? (3)

Answer 8

• pollution= effective controls
• conservation= biodiversity and non-renewable resources
• minimising ecological footprint

Question 9

What are the three main forces involved in economic development? (3)

Answer 9

• resources
• internal boosters
• external boosters

Question 10

resources (economic development) (4)

Answer 10

• these get the process moving in the first place
• there are natural resources (soils, climate and minerals)
• and there are human resources (enterprising business people, capital, labour and technology)
• human resources exploit natural resources and provide the drive behind economic development

Question 11

Internal Boosters (economic development)

Answer 11

come from within the individual country and include government intervention, national ambition, growth of business culture etc.

Question 12

External Boosters (economic development) (2)

Answer 12

• come from outside the individual country and include the growth of the global economy that creates opportunities for the countries to prosper
• others incluce= key planners in the global economy such as TNCs and various international agencies and organisations

Question 13

what are some outcomes of economic development? (6)

Answer 13

• sectoral shifts
• higher productivity
• social change
• rising living standards
• environmental impacts
• more democracy

Question 14

definition of human welfare (2)

Answer 14

• the general condition of a population or society

- also known as ‘quality of life’/ well being/ standard of living

Question 15

what are the four components of quality of life? (4)

Answer 15

• physical= diet, housing, mobility, clean environment
• social= leisure, family and friends, welfare services, education
• economic= secure job, income, affluence
• psychological= satisfaction, happiness, health, security

Question 16

explain the link between an improving quality of life and economic development? (3)

Answer 16

• economic development includes creating all sorts of wealth, which then starts a cycle of wealth
• part of the wealth goes to the government in the form of taxes
• if there is a good governance, this money will be spent on goods such as roads, defence, education and healthcare