Development

Question 1

where does the urogenital system originate?

Answer 1

Intermediate Mesoderm

Question 2

Describe the developmental process of the kidney

Answer 2

1. The pronephros form in the cervical region. They are rudimentary and non-functional, disappearing by week 4
2. After the pronephros disappear, the mesonephros develop (in abdominal region now). The first excretory tubules appear, contributing to supporting cells to genital ridge. Disappears in week 5
3. Metanephros is formed from metanephric mesoderm in the pelvic region and is the definitive kidney. It is formed in week 5 but not functional until week 11/12. The ureteric bud is a protrusion from the mesonephric duct, forming the collecting system; whilst the metanephric cap forms the excretory system.

Question 3

How long does the formation of nephrons go on for?

Answer 3

Until birth - then this remains the same

Question 4

When does urinary production start?

Answer 4

Early in gestation - week 16?

Question 5

Describe the developmental process of the bladder

Answer 5

The hindgut develops into cloaca which is divided by urorectal septum to form anterior urogenital sinus and posterior rectal septum. The bladder forms from the cranial part of the urogenital sinus, apart from the trigone which forms from the mesonephric ducts

Question 6

What is the allantois and what is its functional importance?

Answer 6

Bottom of the cloaca and forms urachus which connects foetal bladder to yolk sac for excretion of nitrogenous waste