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Y6 Senior Med > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between SJS and TEN

A

SJS is LESS THAN 10% of skin involvement

TEN is >30% skin involvement

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2
Q

what can cause SJS/TEN

A

Drug reaction

Never Press Skin As it Can Peel (nikolsky sign)

NSAID
Phenytoin
Sulphonamide 
Allopurinol 
IVIG 
Carbamazepine 
Penicillin
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3
Q

what does SJS look like

A

scalded skin over extensive area

systemically unwell

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4
Q

what is Nikolsky sign

A

epidermis separates at mild pressure

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5
Q

hoow doo you manage SJS

A

stop precipitating factor, ITU, IVIG

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6
Q

what is seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

chronic dermatitis caused by proliferation of a normal skin inhabitant, the fungus Malassezia furfur

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7
Q

How does seborrhoeic dermatitis present

A

eeczematous lesion of sebum rich areas (dandruff on scalp)

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8
Q

mx for seborrheic erma

A

Zinc (head and shoulders) and tar (neutrogena T) for scalp disease
topical antifungalls if on body

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9
Q

what does impetigo look like

A

gold crust appearance

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10
Q

what is the bacteriuim that causes impetigo

A

staph aureus

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11
Q

how do you manage impetigo

A

hygiene measures
topical HYDROGEN PEROXIDE 1% cream> 2% fusidic acid cream
give oral fluclox if widespread

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12
Q

How do you manage mild acne first line

A

benzoyl peroxide and / or topical retinoid and / or topical abx

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13
Q

what abx can you give for acne

A

topical clindamycin 1%

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14
Q

what is second line for mild acne

A

azelaic acid

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15
Q

how do you manage severe acne firist line that does not respond to topical

A

Oral ABX (max 3m) + BPO / retinoid

Abx is lymecycline or docy

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16
Q

what do you refer to dermatologist for if they have acne

A

for isotrenitoin oral

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17
Q

side effects of roaccutane

A

dryness, teratogenic
hair thinning
photosensitivity
low mood and suicide ideation

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18
Q

what is the acne that middle aged people get called

A

acne rosacea

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19
Q

describe acne rosacea

A

middle aged peopple
flushing
symmetrical rash on nose, cheeks, foreheaad and telangectasia
persistent pustopapular erythema

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20
Q

how do you manage acne rosacea

A

Mild/moderate: topical metronidazole

Severe: oral tetracycline

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21
Q

what causes pytiriasis versiccolor

A

malassezia furfur

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22
Q

what does pytiriasis versiccolor look like

A

hypopygmented patches
mild pruritus
after a SUNTAN

TRUNK affected

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23
Q

how is pytiriasis versiccolor different to vitiligo

A

vitiligo is in pripheeries and a lot more confluent

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24
Q

how can you reverse vitiligo

A

with topical steroids

but only if applied early

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25
what causes pityriasis rosea
HHV7
26
sx of pityriasis rosea
recent viral infection herald patch on trunk erythematous oval scaly patches (fir tree appearance(
27
how do you treat pityriasis rosea
you dont its self limiting
28
what are the types of psoriasis that you can get
plaque - most common, with well demarcated red scaly patches guttate pustural flexural
29
what is guttate psoriasis due to
strep infection
30
what does guttate psoriasis look like
teardrop lesions on the back
31
how do you manage psoriasis
corticosteroid and vit D analogue consider emollients phototherapy, photochemotheray
32
where does psoriasis occur
ON EXTENSOR surfaces
33
where does eczema occur
on FLEXOR surfaces
34
sx of eczma
dry skin itching redness may become infected
35
how do you manage eczema
emollients topical corticosteroids fluclox oral if infected
36
how do you manage scabies
Permethrini x2, wash off after 8 hours | treat al household contacts
37
how do you manage headlice
malathion (which is second line for scaabies)
38
what does tinea look like
ringed appearance kerion red or silver rsh
39
tinea management
topiocal or oral antifungals | e.g. TERBINAFINE , clotrimazole
40
how do you mnag shingles
analgesia (paracetamol + NSAID) | antivirals (PO acyclovir)
41
describe lichen planus
purple pruritic papular polygona rash itchy on palms, soles, genitalia, flexor surfaces of arms
42
hhow do you manage lichen planus
TOPICAL steroids (clobetasone)
43
what is lichen sclerosus
itchy white spots seen on vulva of elderly
44
hwow do you manage cellulitis
FLUCLOX if mild | CO AMOX if sevre
45
how do you tell erysepelas apart from cellulitis
erysipelas is well demarcated
46
list the steroid ladder
Help Carol Become a Medic 1. Hydrocortisone 2. Clobetasone butyrate 3. Betamethasone 4. Mometasone
47
what causes bullous pemphigoid
ANTIBODIES againsst BM (at dermoepidemal junctin)
48
sx of bullous pemphigoid
TENSE bullae itchy NO oral involvement
49
Ix bullous pemphigoid
immunofluorescence (IgG, C3 at dermoepidermal junction)
50
how do you maage bullous pemphigoid
oral corticosteroids
51
Pemphigus vulgaris cause
Antibodies against desmosomes (superficial)
52
sx pemphigus vulgaris
flaccid blisters | ORAL involvement
53
whatg is an actinic keratosis
pre-malignant skin condition for SCC
54
how does actinic keratosis present
small, crusty/scaly, on sun exposed area
55
Who and how do you manage actinic keratosis
GP if simple, urgent 2ww if immunosuppressed - fluorouracil cream + topical hydrocort - topical diclofenac - topical imiquinod
56
which areas are 9% of body for burns fluid calc
``` Head+neck each arm each anterior leg each posterior leg anterior chest post chest ant abdo post abdo ```
57
whaat is hidroadenitis suppurativa
chronic inflamm occlusion of pilosebaceious units > prevent keratinocytes from properly shedding
58
how does hidroadenitis suppurativa present
recurrent boiils in intertriginous areas (axilla, neck, thighs, ingluinal, breast) > plaques, scarring
59
how do you manage hidroadenitis suppurativa
good hygiene, loose clothing, smoking cessation Acute: steroids, fluclox chronic: clindamycin (topical), lymecycline (PO)
60
how long should the corticosteroid breaks be (at least) in psoriasis
4 weeks
61
causes of erythema multiforme
infection (90%) - HSV ***most common - mycoplasma drugs - NSAID - penicillins - sulphonamides, sulphonylureas - nitrofurantoiin
62
describe erythema multiforme appearance
target lesions initially on back of hands / feet, then torso upper limbs more likely than lower limbs pruritus occasionally
63
what is erythroderma
rash that involves >95% of the body
64
causes of erythema nodosum
SORE SHINS Streptococci, mycoplasma, EBV OCP Rickettsia Eponymous Behcets ``` Sulphonamides, penicillins Hansen's disease (leprosy) IBD NHL Sarcoid and TB ```
65
what is the single most important prognostic factor for melanoma
breslow thickness
66
side effectss of topical corticosteroids
thin sskin skin depigmentation (esp if dark skin) excessive hair growth
67
what exacerbates psoriasis
trauma alcohol drugs (beta blockers, lithium, antimalaria, NSAID, ACEi, infliximab) withdrawal from steroids
68
what does a BCC look like
rodent ulcer: pearly papule with telangectasia | ulcerates at the center to leave a crater
69
where do pygenic granulomas occur
after a small skin lesion e.g. a cut
70
what is a pyogenic granuloma
reactive proliferation of capillary blood vessel
71
what do pyogenic granulomas do if you touch them
bleed on contact
72
how long are shingles infectious for
until they have crusted over (usually around one week)
73
how long must you exclude from school someone wiht shingles
until lesions fully crust ovr OR 48 hours from start of antibiotics
74
explain features of dermatitis herpetiformis
itchy vescicular lesions on EXTENSOR SURFACES (knees, buttocks, elbows)
75
what is hirsutism
male like hair pattern in women (= androgen dependent hair growth)
76
most common cause of hirsutism
PCOS also cushings, CAH, androgen therapy
77
causes of acanthosis nigricans
T2DM / obesity , PCOS, acromegaly, Cushing's | GI cancer
78
how do you manage pyoderma gangrenosum
ORAL steroids first | becuase it has high potential to spread rapidly

Y6 Senior Med (29 decks)

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