what are examples of MAOI
- Selegiline
- Phenelzine
what are examples of SSRI
- Fluoxetine
- citalopram
- escitalopram
- sertraline
- paroxetine
what are examples of SNRI
- Doluxetine
- venlafaxanine
what are the effects of tremadol
- it increases the levels of Seratonin
what are some examples of TCA
- Amitriptyline
- Imitriptyline
- Nortriptyline
what do MAOI do that can result in seratonin syndrome
- they block breakdown of tyramine which will result in an increase in the levels of seratonin in the body when femented and aged food like cheese and wine are consumed. this will also cause a perons blood pressure levels to spike up
why and when is sodium bicarbonate given
in TCAs, this is to allow the bypass of Na channel block caused by TCAs
what is the function of MAO and COMT
breakdown or degrade neurotransmitters in the synpase and in the cytosole once they have performed thier function.
additionally to the MAO and COMT what else regulates the amount of neurotransmitters present
- reuptake transporters present on the cell membrane of the presynaptic neuron.
name an atypical drug
bupropion, used ot treat major depressive disorder
what is the drug of choice for bipolar mood disorder
lithium
which antidepresants can be used in pregnancy
- TCAs
- SSRI are safe but can cause pulmonary hypertension for the newborn
name a seratonin receptor antagonist
- Trazadone
TCA side effects
- dry mouth
- weight gain
- constipation
- drowsiness
- nausea
- arrythmias
- tachycardia
- blured vission
- urininary retention (should not be used for someone whp has BPH)
SSRI side effects
- insomnia
- Sexual dysfunction
- nausea
- drug-drug interaction
- anxiety
acute mania first line treatment
- Lithium
- Valproate
acute depression second line treatment
- Olanzapine plus fluoxetine
- Lithium plus valproate/lamotrigine
- Lithium/Valproate plus antidepressant
antipsychotics with mood stabalising effects
- Quetiapine
- Olanzapine
treatment for acute anxiety
benzodiazapines
treament for chronic anxity
-SSRI
-TCA
Where do benzodiazapines perform thier function and what happens there
- GABA- A receptors
- they bind at GABA receptors but from a separate location to where GABA binds and will excert effect influence over GABA binding, this will activate iron channels that will allow chloride to enter the cell and hyperpolarise the cell and this will cause a calming effect by not allowing stimalation of other neurotransmitters that could cause the anxiety effect.
from shortest to longest half life, name benzodiazapines in that order
- midazolam
- oxazepam
- lorazopam
- Diazapam
indication for use for GABA
- Alcohol withdrawal states
- Seizures
- Muscle relaxant
- Acute sedation
- Perioperatively
