DEMYELINATING DISEASE PART 2

Question 1

It is one among the disease affecting the basal ganglia and the brain stem. There is
degeneration of dopaminergic neuron.

Answer 1

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 2

There is either reduction of voluntary movement or abundance of involuntary movement

Answer 2

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 3

It is the 2nd most common disorder next to AD

Answer 3

Parkinson’s Disease

Question 4

what happens in parkinsons

Answer 4

*Destruction of substantia nigra
*Decreased dopamine
*Imbalance of Dopamine & Acetylcholine in the
corpus striatum thus impaired in controlling complex & fine body movements

Question 5

CAUSATIVE FACTORS: OF PARKINSONS

Answer 5

Unknown
Genetics
Atherosclerosis

Question 6

Symptoms of PD

Answer 6

*Tremor in hands, arms, legs, jaw or head
*Stiffness of the limbs and trunk
*Slowness of movement
*Impaired balance and coordination, sometimes leading to falls

Question 7

4 cardinal signs of PD

Answer 7

Tremor
Bradykinesia
Rigor
Postural instability

Question 8

TRAP

Answer 8

Tremor
Rigidity
Akinesia
Posture and balance

Question 9

Nursing management of PD

Answer 9

*Assess neurological status
*Assess ability to swallow and chew
*Provide high calorie, high protein, high fiber diet with small frequent
meals
*Increase fluid intake to 2LPD if not contraindicated
*Monitor for constipation
*Promote independence along with safety measures

Question 10

Medical management of PD

Answer 10

1. Anti-parkinsonian drugs (Levodopa, Carbidopa)
2. Anti-cholinergic therapy (Trihexyphenidyl, benztropine, orphenadrine, biperiden)
3. Antiviral therapy
   (Amantadine)
4. Dopamine Agonists
   (bromocriptine and Pergolide)
5. Anti-depressants
   (Sertraline, fluoxetine, citalopram, amitriptyline)