Demography Flashcards
what did Spijker and McInner say about the dependency ratio
more 65+ year olds than 15’s
isnt a problem as older people have become healthier and more active
legal abolishment of forced retirement = they can stay in work for longer
What did Spijker and McInner say about the “old old” and the “new old”
old old= stereotypes e.g. fragile
new old = young at heart
it is essential to stop applying stereotypes to older people
old age is socially constructed caused by stereotypes and prejudices
what did Lawton say about the dependency ratio
the “grey pound”
contributions made through payed work e.g. industries
contribution to the uk economy + leisure and cultural industries
How does the dependency ratio create more social cohesion ?
older people are likely to become active members within their communities
department of culture, media and sports (2013-2014)= survey= 4.9 million over 65’s took part in voluntary work or civic engagement activities
activities important for supporting informal social networks and build social cohesions in community
what did Hirsch say about the dependency ratio
growing problem of dependency + pensioner “time bombs”
policies need to change in order to tackle the problems posed by the aging population
half of state welfare budget spent on elderly, without welfare reforms this is set to increase
how has the family changed due to contraception
safer cheaper methods of contraception = more control over women’s reproductive abilities
less stigma= secularisation= religious ideology has had less impact on an individual and their choices e.g. abortion allowed in 1967
how has rising cost changed family patterns?
Aviva = british family is declining due to the cost of having children
number of married / cohabiting couples without children raised from 16% in 1972 to 20% in 2016
when asked why they were not have a second child money was cited
what are the impacts of globalisation on the population ?
more immigration from the EU= ONS= rose from 256,000 to 268,000 in sept 2016
more undocumented workers = pulled by better living standards and pushed by poverty and lack of opportunities in own country
Greater cultural diversity= growing number of families from different backgrounds creating “hybrid families” - Rapoports
Changing family patterns - chambers a post modernist - growth of global family network. work + live in UK but send money back= modern extended family
what is the dark side of globalisation
the increase of the “purchase of intimacy” = individuals enter services like surrogacy or growth of trade and trafficking women into prostitution
ACPO estimated 17,000 out of an estimated 30,000 has been involved with off-street prostitution in England + Wales
How has increased nutrition impacted death rate?
Mckneown = increased nutrition accounts for half of the reduction in deathrates particularly with TB
increased resistance to infections and survival chances of the infected
