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Decks - history Flashcards

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1
Q

Lexington/Concord

A

The two places where there was a fight between the rebels and the British soldiers, and that’s what started the Revolutionary War

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2
Q

Boycott

A

To refuse to buy.

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3
Q

Boston Massacre

A

The clash in 1770 between British troops and a group of Bostonians in which 5 colonists were killed.

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4
Q

Authority

A

To have the power behind them, to control someone with the right to do so.

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5
Q

King George III

A

King George was the king of Great Britain during the American Revolution. He passed many harsh and unfair laws taking away the rights of the colonists that eventually led to the Revolution.

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6
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

The British Decree prohibiting colonial settlement west of the Appalachians.

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7
Q

Jamestown

A

First successful colony in the new world, in Jamestown, Virginia.

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8
Q

Stamp Act

A

The 1765 British degree taxing all legal papers issued in the colonies.

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9
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

The document adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, establishing the United States as a nation independent of Great Britain.

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10
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

In 1620 a small group of English settlers landed in Massachusetts they were looking for religious freedom and no taxes.

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11
Q

Roanoke

A

Site of first English colony in the Americas, starting in 1585

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12
Q

Quartering Act

A

1765 It required the colonies to quarter (provide housing and supplies for the soldiers).

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13
Q

Boston Tea Party

A

The 1773 protest against British trade policies in which patriots boarded vessels of the East India Company and threw the tea into the Boston Harbor

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14
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

The belief that it was the destiny of the United States to expand to its natural borders.

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15
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

The treaty ending the revolutionary war. 1783

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16
Q

Bill of Rights

A

The first ten amendments to the constitution, guaranteeing the basic rights of American citizens. (i.e freedom of speech)

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17
Q

Parliament

A

The assembly of representatives who make laws in England

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18
Q

Constitution

A

A framework of government. Created in 1787 and includes the Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branches. It’s our current framework of government.

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19
Q

3/5 Compromise

A

a clause to allow a slave to be counted as three-fifths of a person for the purposes of representation in the Congress. It was proposed in July 1787 during the drafting of the U.S. Constitution at the Constitutional Convention. It was put down by the 13th amendment

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20
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

The plan ratified by the states in 1781, that established a national congress with limited power. It was replaced with the Constitution.

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21
Q

amendments

A

changes or additions to a legal document

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22
Q

comprimise

A

a solution that satisfies both sides

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23
Q

congress

A

a body of elected officials who meet to debate and pass laws

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24
Q

constitution

A

a document that describes the basic laws and organization of a state or country

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25
Q

delegates

A

people chosen to represent others at a meeting

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26
Q

executive

A

related to the branch of government that enforces laws

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27
Q

federal

A

relating to a form of government in which states are united under one central power

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28
Q

judicial

A

related to a branch of government that contains the court system, including the supreme court

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29
Q

legeslative

A

related to the branch of government that makes laws; congress is the legislative branch

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30
Q

preamble

A

the introductory part of the constitution that explains the reasons for and purposes of the law

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31
Q

Revolutionary War

A

a war from 1775 to 1783 that gave the 13 American colonies independence from Great Britain

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32
Q

unanimous

A

having the agreement of all

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33
Q

Amendment

A

A change or a addition to a legal document. This is why the constitution is called “Living Document”. Constitution has 27 amendments

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34
Q

Amendment 1

A

Rights of freedom of religion, freedom of expression, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly and freedom of press.

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35
Q

Amendment 2

A

Right to possess arms

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36
Q

Amendment 3

A

Quartering of soldiers prohibited during peacetime. Quartering only with the owners permission.

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37
Q

Amendment 4

A

Freedom from seizure of property, arrests and searches without a specific warrant. People use this in court to not incriminate themselves on the witness stand.

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38
Q

Amendment 5

A

Prohibits trial for a crime except on indictment of a Grand Jury and double jeopardy.

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39
Q

Amendment 6

A

Right to a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury

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40
Q

Amendment 7

A

Right to trial by a jury in civil cases.

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41
Q

Amendment 8

A

Prohibits imposing cruel, unusual punishments and fines, prohibits granting excessive bails.

42
Q

Amendment 9

A

Assures the recognition of those rights that people may have but are not listed here.

43
Q

Amendment 10

A

Provides that the powers that are not given to the United States nor prohibited by the constitution are reserved to the states respectively or to the people.

44
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

The plan ratified by the states in 1781, that established a national congress with limited power. It was replaced with the Constitution.

45
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

The meeting of state delegates in Philadelphia in 1787 that resulted in the writing of the Constitution.

46
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a single legislative house with equal representation for each state.

47
Q

Virginia Plan

A

a plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a legislature of two houses with proportional representation in each house and executive and judicial branches to be chosen by the legislature.

48
Q

Federalist

A

A person who favored the plan of government created by the Constitution.

49
Q

Anti-Federalist

A

A person who opposed ratification of the Constitution.

50
Q

Legislative Branch

A

The branch of the government that makes laws.

51
Q

Judicial Branch

A

The branch of government that interprets laws and punishes lawbreakers.

52
Q

Executive Branch

A

The branch of government that enforces laws.

53
Q

Frontier Line

A

The land between civilization and wilderness.

54
Q

Surveyed

A

To measure land to determine the exact boundaries of a given area. Used for townships

55
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

The 1787 law that set forth a plan of government for the townships 36 sq miles at one dollar an acre in the Northwest Territory. Created by Thomas Jefferson. The law banned slavery, gave freedom of religion and trial by jury. 60,000 citizens in territory to apply for statehood.

56
Q

Republicanism

A

For the country to thrive its citizens need certain virtues. These include a sense of equality, simplicity, and to sacrifice for the public good.

57
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

The United States’ purchase from France (Napoleon) in 1803 of land west of the Mississippi. Jefferson purchased all 800,000 square miles for $15 million.

58
Q

Lewis and Clark expeditions

A

The expeditions from 1804-1806 that explored the Louisiana Territory.

59
Q

Tributary

A

A river that flows into a larger river.

60
Q

Zebulon Pike

A

An army officer who lead an expedition in 1805 to the Southern half of the Louisiana purchase. He was hired to find the head waters of the Red River, but never found it. He never climbed the famous peak in Colorado that bears his name.

61
Q

Sacajawea/Shoshoni Indians

A

She was a teenage Indian who helped navigate Lewis and Clark as they explored the Louisiana Purchase. This nomadic tribe gave horses to the expedition that was invaluable to the success of the journey to the Pacific Ocean.

62
Q

Missouri River

A

To start the expedition it was the river which Lewis and Clark and other men traveled up in flat bottomed river boats called pirogues.

63
Q

Stephen Long

A

1820 also tried to find Red River. Both a scientist and explorer, Long followed the Platte River westward from Missouri. He mapped the Great Plains, climbed Pikes Peak, and then headed south to find Red River. He never found the Red River.

64
Q

Frontier Line

A

The land between civilization and wilderness.

65
Q

Northwest Territory

A

The land north of the Ohio River & was created into 5 states.

66
Q

Surveyed

A

To measure land to determine the exact boundaries of a given area. Used for townships

67
Q

Northwest Ordinance

A

The 1787 law that set forth a plan of government for the townships 36 sq miles at one dollar an acre in the Northwest Territory. Created by Thomas Jefferson. The law banned slavery, gave freedom of religion and trial by jury. 60,000 citizens in territory to apply for statehood.

68
Q

Republicanism

A

For the country to thrive its citizens need certain virtues. These include a sense of equality, simplicity, and to sacrifice for the public good.

69
Q

Louisiana Purchase

A

The United States’ purchase from France (Napoleon) in 1803 of land west of the Mississippi. Jefferson purchased all 800,000 square miles for $15 million.

70
Q

Lewis and Clark expeditions

A

The expeditions from 1804-1806 that explored the Louisiana Territory.

71
Q

Tributary

A

A river that flows into a larger river.

72
Q

Zebulon Pike

A

An army officer who lead an expedition in 1805 to the Southern half of the Louisiana purchase. He was hired to find the head waters of the Red River, but never found it. He never climbed the famous peak in Colorado that bears his name.

73
Q

Sacajawea/Shoshoni Indians

A

She was a teenage Indian who helped navigate Lewis and Clark as they explored the Louisiana Purchase. This nomadic tribe gave horses to the expedition that was invaluable to the success of the journey to the Pacific Ocean.

74
Q

Missouri River

A

To start the expedition it was the river which Lewis and Clark and other men traveled up in flat bottomed river boats called pirogues.

75
Q

Stephen Long

A

1820 also tried to find Red River. Both a scientist and explorer, Long followed the Platte River westward from Missouri. He mapped the Great Plains, climbed Pikes Peak, and then headed south to find Red River. He never found the Red River.

76
Q

Andrew Jackson

A

Our 7th president elected in 1829. Elected as a man of the frontier. He wrote Indian Removal Act. Nicknamed “Old Hickory.”

77
Q

Mormonism

A

A religion founded by Joseph Smith in 1820. After Smith’s death, followers followed Brigham Young to the Rocky Mountains as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS). The term Mormon comes from the Book of Mormon.

78
Q

Indian Removal Act

A

The 1830 law that authorized the president to move Eastern Indians to public lands west of the Mississippi.

79
Q

Relocate

A

To move to another location.

80
Q

Trail of Tears

A

The forced journey of the Cherokee Indians from their homes in Georgia to the lands in the West in 1838-1839.

81
Q

South Pass

A

A low lying area through the Rocky Mountains in that is now Wyoming. Many trails west used this pass to get through the Rocky Mtns. (i.e. Mormon and Oregon Trail)

82
Q

Oregon Country

A

The vast region of the Northwest surrounding the Columbia, Snake, and Fraser Rivers claimed by the British.

83
Q

Emigrant

A

A person who leaves one place for another.

84
Q

Oregon Trail

A

The most famous route to the Pacific Northwest from Independence, Missouri to the Columbia River.

85
Q

The Battle of Goliad

A

More than 300 of Fannin’s men were gunned down after the Alamo by Santa Anna.

86
Q

Reconstruction

A

The government’s plan to rebuild the ruined southern states is reconstruction during 1865 - 1877

87
Q

Amnesty

A

Official pardon

88
Q

Thirteenth Amendment

A

The amendment that abolishes slavery

89
Q

Black Codes

A

Laws that aimed to return former slaves to plantation labor

90
Q

Moderates

A

People who oppose great change

91
Q

Civil Rights

A

The rights of all citizens

92
Q

Fourteenth Amendment

A

The amendment that says that all people born in the United States were citizens and had the same rights as citizens

93
Q

Scalawags

A

Means “scoundrels” for going along with Radical Reconstruction

94
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Southerners thought that northerners had come only for their own gain

95
Q

Fifteenth Amendment

A

It became a law in 1870 and it declared that the right to vote should note be denied “on account of race, color, or previous conditions of servitude.”

96
Q

Lynched

A

Killed without a trial

97
Q

Compromise of 1877

A

It settled a dispute where a democrat and republican representative was in running for president but some states were in dispute. Congress settled in by appointing a special commission

98
Q

Sharecroppings

A

A system where a farmer and his family rented a lot of land to farm. The landowner provided tools, seed, and housing. When harvest came, the sharecropper gave the landowner a share of the crop.

99
Q

Jim Crow Laws

A

Jim Crow was term commonly used to refer to African Americans and in the 1890s they began to rule southern life.

100
Q

Segregation

A

Separation of race

101
Q

Plessy vs Ferguson

A

It declared that segregation was lawful as long as facilities for blacks and whites were equal, a policy known as a “separate but equal.”

U.S. History (3 decks)

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