December Midterm- English

Question 1

Which organelles are used in energy conversions?

a) Mitochondria and chloroplast
b) Mitochondria and ribosomes
c) Smooth and rough ER
d) Golgi apparatus and chloroplasts

Answer 1

a) Mitochondria and chloroplast

Question 2

The cells of plants contain chloroplast. What is the function of chloroplasts?

a) Chloroplasts provide support to the cell.
b) Chloroplasts control the production of proteins in the cell.
c) Chloroplasts carry the genetic code from one generation to the next.
d) Chloroplasts capture the energy of sunlight and convert it into chemical energy.

Answer 2

d) Chloroplasts capture the energy of sunlight and convert it into chemical energy.

Question 3

What structures do all cells need?

a) DNA and a cell membrane
b) A cell membrane, and a nucleus
c) A nucleus and DNA
d) Ribosomes and a nucleus

Answer 3

a) DNA and a cell membrane

Question 4

Selectively permeable membranes are important for cells to function. What does “Selectively permeable” mean?

a) The ability to remove bacteria
b) The ability to use energy to make proteins used in the cell
c) The ability to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids for storage or transport out of the cell.
d) The ability to allow necessary material into the cell, the ability to allow wastes to exit the cell, and the ability to block unneeded materials from entering the cell.

Answer 4

d) The ability to allow necessary material into the cell, the ability to allow wastes to exit the cell, and the ability to block unneeded materials from entering the cell.

Question 5

What is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

a) Diffusion occurs when molecules spread out by moving randomly, while facilitated diffusion occurs when protein channels help molecules move across the cell membrane.
b) Diffusion occurs when protein channels help molecules move across the cell membrane, while facilitated diffusion occurs when molecules spread out by moving randomly.
c) There is no real difference between the two, except that facilitated diffusion happens faster than diffusion
d) There is no real difference between the two, except that diffusion happens slightly faster than facilitated diffusion.

Answer 5

a) Diffusion occurs when molecules spread out by moving randomly, while facilitated diffusion occurs when protein channels help molecules move across the cell membrane.

Question 6

How is active transport different than passive transport?

a) Both active and passive transport occur within plant cells, but only active transport occurs within animal cells.
b) Both active and passive transport occur within animal cells, but only active transport occurs within plant cells
c) Passive transport uses energy to move materials across a cell membrane, while active transport does not use energy
d) Active transport uses energy to move materials across a cell membrane, while passive transport does not use energy.

Answer 6

d) Active transport uses energy to move materials across a cell membrane, while passive transport does not use energy.

Question 7

What are the 3 parts of a ATP molecule?

a) Adenine, thylakoid, and a phosphate group
b) Stroma, grana, and chlorophyll
c) Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
d) NADH, NADPH, and FADH2

Answer 7

c) Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups

Question 8

Most plants appear green because chlorophyll

a) Absorbs green light
b) Absorbs red and blue light
c) Reflect green light
d) Reflects red and blue light

Answer 8

c) Reflect green light

Question 9

Where in the chloroplast is chlorophyll located?

a) In the ATP
b) In the stroma
c) In the thylakoid membrane
d) In the golgi apparatus

Answer 9

c) In the thylakoid membrane

Question 10

Where do light-dependent reactions take place in the chloroplast?

a) In the stroma of the chloroplast
b) In the mitochondrial membrane
c) In the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast
d) In the lysosome

Answer 10

c) In the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Question 11

If Carbon dioxide (CO2) is completely removed from a plant’s environment, what do you think would happen to the plants ability to produce sugar (C6H12O6).

a) More sugars will be produced
b) No sugars will be produced
c) The same amount of sugars will be produced, but without carbon dioxide
d) Fewer sugars will be produced at first, but the plant will recover

Answer 11

b) No sugars will be produced

Question 12

Which of the following formulas represents photosynthesis?

a) C6H12O6 + H2O yields CO2
b) 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + sunlight yields C6H12O6 + 6 O2
c) Sugars + oxygen yields Carbon dioxide + water
d) Carbon dioxide + sugars yields Water + Oxygen

Answer 12

b) 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + sunlight yields C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Question 13

Which statement about photosynthesis is correct?

a) Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from water
b) Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from soil
c) Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from sunlight
d) Plants do not require energy to perform photosynthesis.

Answer 13

c) Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from sunlight

Question 14

Which part of ATP is used to store and release energy?

a) The adenine group
b) The carbon
c) The energy is stored in the chemical bond between the second and third phosphate
d) The ribose sugar group

Answer 14

c) The energy is stored in the chemical bond between the second and third phosphate

Question 15

Why do animals need food?

a) The produce ADP
b) For energy
c) The minimize growth
d) To regulate water balance

Answer 15

b) For energy

Question 16

After studying cellular respiration in animal cells, Miguel saw that muscle cells have a high number of mitochondria. Why do you think muscle cells need a high amount of mitochondria?

a) Muscle cells divide rapidly
b) Muscle cells need a lot of carbon dioxide
c) Muscle cells need a lot of energy
d) Muscle cells produce large amounts of carbohydrates

Answer 16

c) Muscle cells need a lot of energy

Question 17

Which statement best describes the difference between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a) ATP is a key molecule in cellular respiration, but not in photosynthesis
b) Oxygen is used in photosynthesis, and produced in cellular respiration
c) The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration
d) All of the above

Answer 17

c) The products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration

Question 18

What are the products of cellular respiration?

a) Carbon dioxide and water and energy
b) Oxygen and glucose
c) Oxygen and water and energy
d) Water and energy

Answer 18

a) Carbon dioxide and water and energy

Question 19

How do enzymes control chemical reaction in the body?

a) Enzymes speed up chemical reactions
b) Enzymes slow down chemical reactions
c) Enzymes increase the activation energy of a reaction
d) Enzymes inhibit the catalysts of a reaction

Answer 19

a) Enzymes speed up chemical reactions

Question 20

Lipids act as a waterproof covering or a part of biological membranes in cells. What else is a function of lipids?

a) Lipids store glucose and other sugars
b) Lipids store energy
c) Lipids transmit hereditary information
d) Lipids supply energy for chemical reactions

Answer 20

b) Lipids store energy

Question 21

What are the 4 major molecules found in living things.

a) Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins
b) Carbohydrates, amino acids, proteins, and nitrogen bases
c) Carbohydrates, monomers, polymers, and proteins
d) Carbohydrates, polymers, nucleic acids, and glycerols

Answer 21

a) Carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins

Question 22

Which of the following matches biological monomers to their correct polymers?

a) Glucose; monosaccharide
b) Fatty Acid; Carbohydrate
c) Nucleotides; RNA
d) Amino Acids; Proteins

Answer 22

c) Nucleotides; RNA

Question 23

A lock and key is sometimes used as a model for enzymes. Why is the lock and key model an accurate description for enzymes?

a) The sensitivity of enzymes to change in pH
b) The change in activation energy the enzymes cause
c) The specificity of fit between an enzyme and a substrate
d) The increase in reaction rate due to the action of the enzyme

Answer 23

c) The specificity of fit between an enzyme and a substrate

Question 24

What is the difference between where DNA is found in eukaryotes and in prokaryotes?

a) In Eukaryotes DNA is found in the cytoplasm and in prokaryotes DNA is found in the nucleus.
b) In Eukaryotes DNA is found in the nucleus and in prokaryotes DNA is found in the ribosome.
c) In Eukaryotes DNA is found in the nucleus and in prokaryotes DNA is found in the cytoplasm.
d) In Eukaryotes DNA is found in the ribosome and in prokaryotes DNA is found in the cytoplasm.

Answer 24

c) In Eukaryotes DNA is found in the nucleus and in prokaryotes DNA is found in the cytoplasm.

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT true about DNA?

a) DNA is made of lipids
b) DNA contains nucleotides
c) DNA stores genetic information

Answer 25

b) DNA contains nucleotides

Question 26

Which of the following is not a step in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a) ATP production
b) Electron transport
c) Glycolysis

Answer 26

c) Glycolysis

Question 27

Amino acids are the building blocks to which macromolecule?

a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) DNA
d) Lipids

Answer 27

b) Proteins

Question 28

Which of the following is not a type of passive transport?

a) Diffusion
b) Osmosis
c) Endocytosis
d) facilitated diffusion

Answer 28

d) facilitated diffusion

Question 29

Which is present only in eukaryotic cells?

a) Cell membrane
b) Chromosomes
c) DNA
d) Nucleus

Answer 29

d) Nucleus

Question 30

Where do light dependent reactions occur in the chloroplast?

a) The cell membrane
b) The stroma
c) The thylakoid
d) The inner membrane

Answer 30

c) The thylakoid

Question 31

Which of the following correctly describes how a diagram of cellular respiration would differ from a diagram of photosynthesis?

a) The cellular-respiration diagram would show electromagnetic waves as the final product.
b) The cellular-respiration diagram would show glucose as the main source of energy.
c) The cellular-respiration diagram would show energy stored in large protein molecules.
d) The cellular-respiration diagram would show water as the main source of chemical energy.

Answer 31

b) The cellular-respiration diagram would show glucose as the main source of energy.

Question 32

Which of these statements best explains the process of energy conversion that takes place in the mitochondria?

a) Energy is required for carbon dioxide molecules to form six-carbon sugar molecules.
b) Water molecules and radiant energy are necessary for anaerobic respiration to take place.
c) Oxygen molecules release energy in the form of heat during combustion reactions.
d) The energy in the bonds of glucose molecules is transferred to the phosphate bonds in ATP

Answer 32

d) The energy in the bonds of glucose molecules is transferred to the phosphate bonds in ATP

Question 33

Diatoms are one of the most common types of phytoplankton in marine habitats. Like plants, diatoms contain chlorophyll and produce glucose from which of the following?

a) Oxygen and ATP
b) Carbon Dioxide and oxygen
c) ATP and Water
d) Carbon dioxide and water

Answer 33

d) Carbon dioxide and water

Question 34

Viruses can be transmitted through air, water, food, insect bites, and direct skin contact. Once a virus gains entry to the body, it invades a host cell in order to

a) deactivate the host cell’s defenses
b) synthesize antibodies for defense
c) metabolize host proteins and grow
d) access cellular processes for replication

Answer 34

d) access cellular processes for replication

Question 35

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both involve the use and release of gases. Which statement correctly identifies the role of gases in the two processes?

a) Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
b) Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both use oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
c) Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.
d) Cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.

Answer 35

c) Cellular respiration uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, while photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen.